Vascular diseases Flashcards

1
Q

What defines a true abdominal aortic aneurysm?

A

Through all 3 layers of the arterial wall

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2
Q

What defines a false aneurysm?

A

Only a single layer of fibrous tissue forms the wall

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3
Q

Which fibres are lost in an abdominal aortic aneurysm?

A

There is loss of elastic fibres and subsequent degradation of collagen fibres

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4
Q

What are the indications for surgery on AAA?

A

Symptomatic, increasing in size >5.5cm, rupture

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5
Q

Treatment for an aortic dissection ?

A

Type A - involves ascending aorta – surgical, Type B - involves ascending aorta – medical

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6
Q

Median arcuate ligament syndrome is caused by what?

A

arc shaped band of tissue which traps the celiac artery

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7
Q

What symptoms are seen in takayasu arteritis ?

A

Absent limb pulses, upper limb claudication (large vessel arteritis)

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8
Q

Who does takayasu arteritis commonly affect?

A

Females, asian, people who have renal artery stenosis

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9
Q

What are the signs of coarctation of the aorta?

A

syncope, claudication, bp mismatch between upper and lower limbs

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10
Q

What are the signs of subclavian steal syndrome?

A

syncopal symptoms

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11
Q

What causes subclavian steal syndrome?

A

proximal stenotic lesion of the subclavian artery

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12
Q

What do you use to investigate claudication?

A

ABPI, Duplex scanning, formal angiography

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13
Q

What are the signs of acute on chronic mesenteric ischamia?

A

Post prandial discomfort and weight loss with an acute event

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14
Q

Define Embolis

A

object carried in the bloodstream to lodge in a vessel

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15
Q

Define thrombosis

A

a local coagulation/ blood clot in part of the circulatory system

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16
Q

5-5.9 cm risk of rupture AAA?

A

25%

17
Q

6-6.9 cm risk of rupture AAA?

A

35%

18
Q

3 layers of the aorta?

A

Intima, media, adventitia