Physiology quick fire

Question 1

Vit A deficiency

Answer 1

Night blind, epithelial atrophy, infections

Question 2

Vit B1 deficiency

Answer 2

Beriberi

Question 3

Vit b2 deficiency

Answer 3

Dermatitis and photosensitivity

Question 4

Vit B12 deficiency

Answer 4

Pernicious Anaemia

Question 5

Vit C deficiency

Answer 5

Poor wound healing

Question 6

Vit K deficiency

Answer 6

Clotting disorders

Question 7

Where is Gastrin released

Answer 7

Gastric antrum

Question 8

What does gastrin do?

Answer 8

Increase HCL, pepsinogen, IF

Question 9

Where is CCK released

Answer 9

I cells in upper small intestine

Question 10

What does CCK do?

Answer 10

Increases secretion of enzyme rich fluid from pancreas, gallbladder contraction, decreases gastric emptying

Question 11

Where is Secreten released?

Answer 11

S-cells upper small intestine

Question 12

What does secretin do?

Answer 12

Increases hco3 rich fluid from pancreas and hepatic duct decrease gastric acid

Question 13

Where is VIP released

Answer 13

Small intestine/ pancreas

Question 14

What does VIP do?

Answer 14

inhibits acid/ pepsinogen secretion

Question 15

Where is somatostatin released

Answer 15

D-cells in pancreas and stomach

Question 16

What does somatostatin do?

Answer 16

Decreases acid/ pepsinogen secretion/ decreases gastrin secretion/ degreases pancreas enzyme/ decreases insulin

Question 17

Where is cortisol released

Answer 17

Zona Fasciculata

Question 18

What does cortisol do?

Answer 18

Glycogenesis, glucogenesis, protein catabolism, lipolysis, stress response, increase acid

Question 19

Deficiency of which other electrolyte will effect hypocalcaemia

Answer 19

Magnesium

Question 20

The Adrenal medulla is….

Answer 20

Middle

Question 21

The Adrenal Cortex is…..

Answer 21

Outer (protects)

Question 22

Warfarin affects which factors

Answer 22

2,7,9,10, protein C

Question 23

Spleen Red pulp action

Answer 23

Filters the blood of antigens and damaged RBCs

Question 24

Spleen White pulp action

Answer 24

reticuloendothelial cords and white lymphoid follicles are present

Question 25

What reduces during stress response (3 hormones)

Answer 25

insulin, testosterone, oestrogen

Question 26

Primary function of PTH

Answer 26

Increase calcium, decrease Phosphate

Question 27

Which cell in the bones resorbs calcium

Answer 27

Ostoclasts

Question 28

What are the 3 ways calcium increased

Answer 28

Bone resorption, renal reabsorption, bowel absorption

Question 29

How is bowel reabsorption of calcium signalled

Answer 29

The kidneys produce 1,25 OH2D which increase bowel reabsorption

Question 30

Primary Aldosteronism (CONNS) has what effect?

Answer 30

Sodium is increasingly conserved, potassium lost

Question 31

Where is calcitonin secreted?

Answer 31

The thyroid gland - C cells

Question 31

Where is calcitonin secreted?

Answer 31

The thyroid gland - C cells

Question 32

What does calcitonin do

Answer 32

The opposite of PTH - reduce calcium absorption in gut, reduce osteoclast resorption, inhibit tubular absorption of calcium

Question 33

Which part of the bowel produces the most K

Answer 33

Rectum

Question 34

What do parietal cells secrete

Answer 34

HCL, Ca, Na, Mg, IF

Question 35

What do Chief cells secrete

Answer 35

Pepsinogen

Question 36

What is the function of insulin

Answer 36

It is secreted in response to hyperglycaemia, for glucose utilisation and glycogen synthesis, inhibit lipolysis

Question 37

What 4 hormones are increased in stress response

Answer 37

Cortisol, ACTH, GH, ADH