Thoracic anatomy Flashcards
Where do trabeculae carne lie?
Right and left ventricle
Where do the thebesian veins drain?
The drain into the atrium directly
What is contained in the middle mediastinum?(8)
Heart, tracheal bifurcation, Ascending aorta, Pulmonary trunk, Superior vena cava, cardiac plexus, phrenic nerves, the arch of the azygous system
What is contained in the anterior mediastinum?(2)
No major structures, the thymus may extend into the anterior mediastinum in children
What is contained in the posterior mediastinum?(5)
The descending aorta, the oesophagus, the thoracic duct, azygous system of veins, sympathetic trunks
What is contained in the superior mediastinum?(13)
Arch of the aorta, brachiocephalic artery, left common carotid, left subclavian artery, Superior vena cava, brachiocephalic veins, left superior intercostal vein, azygous vein, Vagus R+L, Phrenic nerve Trachea, oesophagus, thoracic duct
What is the embryological origin of the pulmonary artery?
6th
What thoracic level does the left main bronchus lie at?
T6
What two main structures are found in the posterior groove of the heart?
The interventricular artery and middle cardiac vein
Which valves cause S1?
AV - mitral and tricuspid valves
Which valves cause S2?
Semilunar valves - pulmonary and aortic valves
What structures lie at the sternal angle?(6)
Aortic arch, bifurcation of the trachea, pulmonary trunk bifurcation, left recurrent laryngeal, azygos vein, thoracic duct
What thoracic level is the sternal angle at?
T4-5
Between which 2 thoracic vertebrae levels does the trachea lie?
C6 and T5
At which level does the thoracic duct cross to the left of the oesophagus?
the angle of Louis T4-5
Which embryological arch are the pulmonary vessels derived from?
6th
When placing a chest drain which vessel is at the greatest risk?
The intercostal artery
Where is the conus arteriosus found?
right ventricle
Where are the muscle pectinate found?
The atria - most are found in the right atria
What are the 4 collateral venous systems to the superior vena cava?
Azygous, internal mammary veins, Long thoracic veins x2
Which embryological structure is is the inferior parathyroid derived from?
3rd pharyngeal arch
Which pharyngeal arch is the staphes derived from?
2nd
