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Rosalynn's ABSITE > Vascular > Flashcards

Vascular Flashcards

1
Q

what is a superficial venous thrombosis?

A

thrombosis that affects the axial veins (great and saphenous veins)

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2
Q

which is more common, superficial or deep vein thrombosis?

A

superficial

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3
Q

what is the management of superficial venous thrombosis

A

anticoagulation, especially near the saphenofemoral junction

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4
Q

what is a SVT after endogenous laser ablation called?

A

EHIT (endovenous heat induced thrombosis)

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5
Q

how is EHIT managed?

A

NOT anticoagulation, conservative management and surveillance

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6
Q

is the risk of PE high or low with EHIT?

A

low

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7
Q

when would you anticoagulate for EHIT?

A

Class 3 (thrombus extending 75% into the lumen of common femoral vein) or 4 (thrombus completely occluding the common femoral vein)

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8
Q

what is the treatment for superficial thrombophlebitis?

A

antibiotics and excision of the superficial vein (curative)

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9
Q

what is the treatment of deep or central vein thrombophlebitis?

A

intensive antibiotics and heparin anticoagulation for 2-3 weeks, if not successful then can do venous thrombectomy and vein excision

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10
Q

What kind of endoleak is this?

A

Type II retrograde flow from side branches of the aorta

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11
Q

what kind of endoleak is this?

A

Type IV Porosity of the graft wall

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12
Q

What kind of endoleak is this?

A

Type III Defect in the graft, usually d/t inadequate overlap between the stent-graft components

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13
Q

What kind of endoleak is this?

A

Type I Inadequate sealing at the proximal (type Ia) or distal (type Ib) attachment sites

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14
Q

what kind of endoleak is this?

A

Type V Increase in the size of aneurysm with no identifiable leak

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15
Q

what is the MC type of endoleak?

A

Type II (70-75%) retrograde flow from branches of the aorta

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16
Q

How do you treat Type II endoleaks?

A

observation and appropriate surveillance - typically resolve on their own

if aneurysm gets bigger at follow up CTA at 1 month or q6 months, transarterial embolization of the responsible branch is recommended

17
Q

which types of endoleaks do you have to fix right away?

A

Types I and III

18
Q

How do you treat a type I endoleak?

A

angioplasty to increase the radial force on the graft to improve the seal, if this fails can do a cuff (short stent graft)

19
Q

When are stent grafts used for endoleaks?

A

Type 1 - extend the seal zone

Type 3 - help bridge the disconnected stent graft components

20
Q

when would you do surgical repair for a pseudo aneurysm?

A

complicated PsA - infected Psa, HD instability, active bleeding, skin necrosis, cellulitis, distal limb ischemia, neurologic deficit, failure of US treatment, large aneurysm (>5 cm) with wide neck

21
Q

What is the treatment for a PsA that is uncomplicated and <3 cm

A

observation, serial US

22
Q

What is the treatment for a PsA that is uncomplicated <3 cm and does not resolve after 6 weeks or increases in size?

A

US guided thrombin injection

23
Q

What is the treatment for a PsA that is uncomplicated and 3 cm or bigger?

A

US guided thrombin injection

24
Q

what are absolute indications for dialysis?

A

Uremic pericarditis, pleurites, or encephalopathy

25
Q

In the setting of HIT and liver failure, what anticoagulant should you switch to?

A

Bivalirudin - has hepatic metabolism and metabolism by proteolysis. Excreted by both liver and kidneys which is better than argatroban (liver only)

26
Q

What is the order of central venous access in a patient that has an upper extremity AV fistula?

A

contralateral IJV, ipsilateral IJV, contralateral subclavian, ipsilateral subclavian vein

27
Q

What is the treatment for grade I blunt traumatic aortic injury?

A

admission and aggressive pulse rate (<100 beats/min) and blood pressure control (<100 mmHg) (impulse control) before TEVAR

28
Q

What is a Grade II BTAI (blunt traumatic aortic injury)

A

intramural hematoma

29
Q

what is a Grade I BTAI (brunet traumatic aortic injury)

A

intimal tears

30
Q

What is a grade III BTAi

A

pseudoaneurysm

31
Q

what is a grade IV BTAI

A

rupture

32
Q

what is the next treatment for grade II-IV BTAI?

A

TEVAR

Rosalynn's ABSITE (33 decks)

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