Variation. Flashcards
How are organisms classified into groups?
All living organisms are classified into groups based on shared characteristics.
Define species and give 3 examples of species.
A species is a group of organisms that can reproduce to produce fertile offspring e.g. humans, dogs, and lions.
All the people in the world are called ___ ______ meaning ___ ___.
All the people in the world are called Homo sapiens (binomial name) meaning wise man.
What are the genus and species names of humans?
Genus = Homo. Species = sapiens.
Define variation.
Variation is the difference between organisms of the same species.
Name 8 common differences between each human.
- Body height.
- Body mass.
- Shoe size.
- Hair color.
- Skin color.
- Fingertips.
- Handspan.
Fill in the missing answers:
The difference which exists between individuals are _______ inherited from their ______ e.g. ___ and _____. They are also affected by the ______ e.g. ____ and ____.
The difference which exists between individuals are characteristics inherited from their parents e.g. mass and height. They are also affected by the environment e.g. mass and famine.
Variation is divided into 2 subsections: Name them.
Variation is divided into 2 subsections: Continuous variation and discontinuous variation.
What is continuous variation influenced by and give 3 examples?
Continuous variation is influenced by genes and the environment e.g. height, mass, and complexion.
Describe discontinuous variation and give 3 examples.
Discontinuous variation is genes only e.g. gender, blood group, and hand-writing side.
Why is variation within a species important?
Variation within a species is important for the survival of a group or species or population should there be changes in the environment.
While individuals of a species share distinctive characteristics, there are also differences between the individuals.
Why are these differences essential?
These differences make each organism unique and allow them to be identified in a group of the same species.
Answer the following about continuous variation:
- Influence.
- Intermediate values.
- Data presentation.
- How many genes.
- Influenced by genes and the environment.
- Many intermediate values between two extremes.
- Data produces a normal distribution curve or bell shape.
- Many genes involved in determining a characteristic.
Name 7 examples of continuous variation.
- Height.
- Mass.
- Shoe size.
- Complexion.
- Intelligence.
- Number of seeds in a pod.
- Size of leaves on a tree.
Answer the following about discontinuous variation:
- Influence.
- Intermediate values.
- Data presentation.
- How many genes.
- Influenced by genes only.
- Distinct categories, no intermediate values.
- Data produces a bar graph that does not show a normal distribution curve or bell shape.
- One or two genes involved in determining a characteristic.
