Reproduction In Humans (General). Flashcards
Why is the reproductive system a very important part of reproduction? Name 3 reasons.
- It produces the sex cells (gametes).
- It manufactures hormones that are responsible for the secondary sexual characteristics.
- The female reproductive system protects and nourishes the developing embryo.
What is the gamete in males and females?
The gamete in males is the sperm and in females, the gamete is called eggs or ova (singular ovum).
Name 1 secondary sexual characteristic for mother’s afterbirth.
Secondary sexual characteristics like the production of milk for breastfeeding.
What is reproduction?
Reproduction is a vital process that ensures the continued existence of a species.
Where is the ovum fertilized?
The ovum is fertilized in the oviduct and the process of fertilization takes place inside the oviduct.
What is the uterus?
The uterus is a small structure, similar in size and shape to an inverted pear.
The uterus has two walls, name them.
The uterus has a thick outer muscular wall, called the myometrium and an inner lining called the endometrium.
Define menstruation (complicated scientific definition).
The endometrium has many blood capillaries and is shed every month during menstruation.
Where is the cervix located?
The cervix is located between the uterus and the vagina.
What is the vagina lined with?
The vagina is lined with epithelium.
Why does semen need to be alkaline?
- It is important to note that acids kill sperm and this is why the semen needs to be alkaline.
- Semen needs to be alkaline because this is the preferred pH for sperm.
When do differences between growth and development occur in boys and girls?
Differences between the growth and development of boys and girls start at the age of puberty during a growth spurt.
Why does the ovum contain a lot of cytoplasm?
The ovum is big and contains a lot of cytoplasm because it needs an energy supply to start dividing into many cells.
When does cell division slow down?
This cell division only slows down when a human being is a fully grown adult
What is the placenta?
Implantation is followed by the formation of a pad of membranes called the placenta.
After how long can the embryo be called a fetus?
After eight weeks it is called a fetus.
What is another name for pregnancy?
Gestation.
Define adolescence (easy definition).
It is a time when some boys and girls may be very changeable
Define abstinence.
Sexual abstinence is the practice of refraining from some or all aspects of sexual activity and is the most effective method of preventing unwanted pregnancy.
Name one permanent method of preventing unwanted pregnancy.
Permanent.
- Sterilization.
Name two barrier methods of preventing unwanted pregnancy.
Barrier.
- Condom/femidon (female condom).
- Diaphragm.
Name four chemical methods of preventing unwanted pregnancy.
Chemical.
- Injection/implant.
- Pill.
- Spermicide.
- Loop, copper T.
Is the preventing unwanted pregnancy method called the rhythm method reliable or unreliable?
Rhythm method.
- unreliable.
What is the pathway of sperm for the sperm ducts?
These carry sperm from the testes to the urethra (the urethra also passes out urine).
