Valvular Disease Pathology

Question 1

2 Mechs Valve Defects Cause Disease

Answer 1

Create hemodynamic burden

Susceptible to infection -> endocarditis

Question 2

Rheumatic Fever

Answer 2

GAS infection w/ arthritis and carditis and shit - get cross reactive Abs to heart that cause progressive fibrosis from healing of inflammatory reactions

Question 3

Aschoff Bodies

Answer 3

Inflammatory lesions in mycardium from Rheumatism made up of fibrinoid necrosis surrounded by inflammatory shit/Anitschkow cells (

Question 4

Vegetations

Answer 4

Collections of fibrin/inflammatory shit/bacteria that can buildup on valves and heart

Question 5

2 Gross Features of Rheumatic Heart Disease

Answer 5

Thickened chordae tendinae

Mitral leaflets thickened so that orifice is a slit with “fish-mouth” appearance

Question 6

Most Common Cause of Aortic Stenosis

Answer 6

Dystrophic calcification. Maybe normal wear and tear, but people w/ bicuspid valve develop earlier

Question 7

Acute vs. Subacute Infection

Answer 7

Acute way worse. Probably normal valves but got some highly virulent sepsis going on like S. Aureus (often from IV drug abuse)

Question 8

Tricuspid Valve Involvement in Infective Endocarditis

Answer 8

Almost certainly IVDA

Question 9

Mechanical Deterioration of Prosthetic Valves

Answer 9

More common w/ bioprosthetic (pig) valves than mechanical ones. Other stuff like thrombus more common w/ mechanical