ANS

Question 1

Main Mech of Reg

Answer 1

Descending symps are constantly firing at a steady level, so main reg is actually to inhibit or augment this rather than activating tons of other random shit like PANS

Question 2

Nucleus of Solitary Tract

Answer 2

Decider of whether to activate SANS or PANS to reg BP

Question 3

Parasymp R and Locations on Heart (3)

Answer 3

M2 on SA node, atrial myoctes, and AV node

Question 4

Hypertension

Answer 4

Normal value of BP is set too high, even though reflexes that control it work like a charm

Question 5

Notable Benefit of Having 2+ Drugs in Single Medication

Answer 5

Have option of lowering dosage of each

Question 6

4 Categories of Anti-HTN Drugs

Answer 6

Symp Nervous System Suppressors
Vasodilators
Renin-Angiotensin System Targeting Drugs
Diuretics

Question 7

2 Drugs that Act on Vasomotor Center (and 2 notable points)

Answer 7

Methyldopa
Clonidine
CNS, so need to be hydrophobic and can have CNS side effects

Question 8

SANS Ganglia Targetting Drugs (and problem)

Answer 8

Trimethaphan, might inhibit PANS as well

Question 9

2 SANS Nerve Terminal Drugs

Answer 9

Reserpine

Guanethidine

Question 10

Propanolol (3/4)

Answer 10

Nonselective Beta antagonist (via normal GPCR pathway) that can cure pretty much every common CV problem. But actually partial agonist of arrestin pathway from BetaRs and so can cause morphological remodelling of heart and shit. Also crosses CNS and can have those side effects

Question 11

Metoprolol and Atenolol

Answer 11

Beta1 specific antagonists so used for asthmatics

Question 12

Esmolol

Answer 12

Short acting Beta1 specific antagonist used intraoperatively and acutely

Question 13

Reserpine

Answer 13

Prevents NT uptake into vesicles so suppresses SANS, but might also have CNS effects

Question 14

Trimethaphan

Answer 14

Competitive antagonist of nAChRs of ganglia, which means it can suppress both PANS and SANS so it kinda sucks

Question 15

Methyldopa (2)

Answer 15

Replaces NE in vesicles decreasing peripheral neuronal signalling
Main target seems to be alpha2 in CNS

Question 16

Diff b/w Alpha1 Selective Antagonist and Nonspecific Antagonist Effects (& 1 drug of each)

Answer 16

Nonspecific (Phentolamine) you get vessel relaxation from the alpha1s leading to decreased BP but then a sympathetic response and alpha2s are blocked from NEs neg feedback pathway so you get super strong NE response and reflex tachycardia. Alpha1 specific (Prazosin) avoids reflex tachycardia

Question 17

Clonidine (2)

Answer 17

Partial agonist, alpha2 selective mainly in CNS, reducing sympathetic tone. Also has a short term initial contraction of arterioles

Question 18

Tamsulosin

Answer 18

Selective alpha1A antagonist (in prostate) that opens urinary tract