Validity testing

Question 1

Criteria for possible malingering?

Answer 1

Criterion A, 1 or more C, not NOT D; or meets all criteria for definite or probably but do NOT meet criteria D.

Question 2

what does MPRD stand for?

Answer 2

Malingered pain-related dysfunction

Question 3

A convention has developed in neuropsychological research to keep the ___ for an individual PVT at 10% or less. In other words, 90% or more of patients with ___ will be correctly identified by the PVT as validly performing.

Answer 3

false positive rate; a bona fide clinical disorder

Question 4

The smaller the false positive rate, the ___ the LR+ (likelihood ratio).

Answer 4

larger

Question 5

what does MND stand for?

Answer 5

Malingered neurocognitive dysfunction

Question 6

If there is failure of only 1 PVT, or multiple SVT failures with no accompanying PVT failure, a diagnosis of ___ MND is made.

Answer 6

possible

Question 7

negative skew distribution is associated with a ___ ceiling effect.

Answer 7

low (the test is too easy)

Question 8

Criteria for probable malingering?

Answer 8

Criterion A, two or more B criteria (except for B1), OR meets 1 B criterion and 1 C criterion.

Question 9

simulation design

Answer 9

a TBI/valid clinical group is compared with a simulator group

Question 10

_____ simulations appear to overestimate false positive rates compared to actual PVT performances.

Answer 10

Monte Carlo simulations

Question 11

positive skew distribution is associated with a ___ floor effect.

Answer 11

high (the test is too hard)

Question 12

A mean sensitivity of 0.69 = a false negative rate of __.

Answer 12

.31

Question 13

Probable malingering is diagnosed when there is evidence of failure of __ or more PVTs, or failure of __ PVT and __ SVT.

Answer 13

2, 1, 1

Question 14

A mean specificity of .90 = a false positive rate of __.

Answer 14

.10

Question 15

Clinical conditions likely to results in false positive errors include:

Answer 15

severe neurologic, psychiatric, and developmental disorders that often result in need for 24-hour supervised living.

Question 16

Criteria for definite malingering?

Answer 16

Criterion A, Definite negative response bias on testing (B1), and D

Question 17

What are the 4 main malingering criteria? (A-D)

Answer 17

A. presence of external incentive B. evidence from neuropsych testing C. evidence from self-report D. Behaviors A-C are not accounted for by psychiatric, neurological, or developmental factors

Question 18

A diagnosis of __ MPRD can be made based upon multiple SVTs and/or PVT or SVT failure in combination with abnormal physical examination results.

Answer 18

probable

Question 19

Individual PVT’s typically have high ___ but lower ___.

Answer 19

specificity (lower false positive rate), sensitivity (higher false negative rate)

Question 20

“known groups” or criterion groups design

Answer 20

TBI/valid clinical group is compared to known invalid group (seeking disability claim)