Validity testing Flashcards
Criteria for possible malingering?
Criterion A, 1 or more C, not NOT D; or meets all criteria for definite or probably but do NOT meet criteria D.
what does MPRD stand for?
Malingered pain-related dysfunction
A convention has developed in neuropsychological research to keep the ___ for an individual PVT at 10% or less. In other words, 90% or more of patients with ___ will be correctly identified by the PVT as validly performing.
false positive rate; a bona fide clinical disorder
The smaller the false positive rate, the ___ the LR+ (likelihood ratio).
larger
what does MND stand for?
Malingered neurocognitive dysfunction
If there is failure of only 1 PVT, or multiple SVT failures with no accompanying PVT failure, a diagnosis of ___ MND is made.
possible
negative skew distribution is associated with a ___ ceiling effect.
low (the test is too easy)
Criteria for probable malingering?
Criterion A, two or more B criteria (except for B1), OR meets 1 B criterion and 1 C criterion.
simulation design
a TBI/valid clinical group is compared with a simulator group
_____ simulations appear to overestimate false positive rates compared to actual PVT performances.
Monte Carlo simulations
positive skew distribution is associated with a ___ floor effect.
high (the test is too hard)
A mean sensitivity of 0.69 = a false negative rate of __.
.31
Probable malingering is diagnosed when there is evidence of failure of __ or more PVTs, or failure of __ PVT and __ SVT.
2, 1, 1
A mean specificity of .90 = a false positive rate of __.
.10
Clinical conditions likely to results in false positive errors include:
severe neurologic, psychiatric, and developmental disorders that often result in need for 24-hour supervised living.
Criteria for definite malingering?
Criterion A, Definite negative response bias on testing (B1), and D
What are the 4 main malingering criteria? (A-D)
A. presence of external incentive B. evidence from neuropsych testing C. evidence from self-report D. Behaviors A-C are not accounted for by psychiatric, neurological, or developmental factors
A diagnosis of __ MPRD can be made based upon multiple SVTs and/or PVT or SVT failure in combination with abnormal physical examination results.
probable
Individual PVT’s typically have high ___ but lower ___.
specificity (lower false positive rate), sensitivity (higher false negative rate)
“known groups” or criterion groups design
TBI/valid clinical group is compared to known invalid group (seeking disability claim)
