ABCN deck 4

Question 1

For PSP, dementia occurs in __ to __% of cases.

Answer 1

50-80

Question 2

impairment in the ability to control movements, characterized by spasmodic or repetitive motions or lack of coordination

Answer 2

dyskinesia

Question 3

Movement disorder associated with atrophy of putamen, pons, middle cerebral peduncles, cerebellum, medulla oblongata, and dilation of 4th ventricle.

Answer 3

MSA

Question 4

which CN? provides sensory innervation to the face, nasal sinuses, mouth, tongue; mastication

Answer 4

trigeminal, CN V

Question 5

atrophy, fasciculations, and hyporeflexia can be indicative of ___ lesions.

Answer 5

LMN

Question 6

EEG wave? observed in children during sleep. more prominent during drowsiness.

Answer 6

theta

Question 7

hyperreflexia, increased tone, and pronator drift can be indicative of ___ lesions.

Answer 7

UMN

Question 8

Core diagnostic symptoms of ___ include vertical gaze palsy, axial rigidity, and postural instability with falls (often backward).

Answer 8

PSP

Question 9

What movement disorder is associated with insoluble 4-repeat tau protein deposits and dopamine depletion in the substantia nigra, caudate, and putamen; neuronal loss in the globus pallidus, subthalamic nuclei, red nuclei, dentate nucleus, superior colliculi, and periqueductal gray matter?

Answer 9

PSP

Question 10

Onset of cortical basal syndrome usually occurs in the ___s but ranges from the __s to ___s.

Answer 10

60s, 50s. 70s.

Question 11

which CN? vision

Answer 11

optic. CN II.

Question 12

EEG wave? observed in all age groups but more common in adults. Relaxed with eyes closed.

Answer 12

alpha

Question 13

which cranial nerve? smell

Answer 13

olfactory nerve, CN 1

Question 14

EEG wave? observed in all age groups. alert, anxious, eyes open.

Answer 14

beta

Question 15

The most common neurological complications for preterm infants are

Answer 15

periventricular hemorrhagic infarction and periventricular leukomalacia.

Question 16

__-__% of babies born < 25 weeks gestation have moderate to severe cognitive impairment.

Answer 16

30-70%

Question 17

Which PSP subtype? progressive gait disturbance with freezing gait, speech or writing, rigidity, dementia or eye movement abnormality during first 5 years, no tremor

Answer 17

progressive gait freezing

Question 18

which CN controls facial expressions?

Answer 18

facial nerve, CN VII

Question 19

Which PSP subtype? nonfluent primary progressive aphasia, later development of gait/balance problems, rarer presentation

Answer 19

speech language

Question 20

Which movement disorder is associated with atrophy of the midbrain tegmentum (hummingbird sign), and cerebellar peduncles?

Answer 20

PSP

Question 21

__ to __% of babies born < 25 weeks gestation develop cerebral palsy

Answer 21

7-15%

Question 22

Dementia is less likely in ___, though deficits can be seen in EF, attention, visuo-spatial abilities, and aspects of memory later in the disease.

Answer 22

MSA

Question 23

which CN? innervates tongue muscles.

Answer 23

hypoglossal nerve, CN XII

Question 24

Which movement disorder? progressive, asymmetric ridigity, dyspraxia, cortical sensory loss, alien limb syndrome, bradykinesia, unresponsive to levodopa, rarer presentation

Answer 24

corticobasal syndrome

Question 25

For PSP the most common cause of death is ___ or ___.

Answer 25

respiratory arrest due to pneumonia, degeneration of brainstem respiratory centers.

Question 26

In ___, early cognitive symptoms typically include impairment in language production, EF, and attention/concentration.

Answer 26

cortical basal syndrome

Question 27

oculomotor dysfunction occurs __ to __ years after symptoms begin in PSP.

Answer 27

3 to 4

Question 28

EEG wave? observed during sleep across age groups. dominant rhythm in infants.

Answer 28

delta

Question 29

Presenting symptoms of ___ are most frequently postural instability and falls.

Answer 29

PSP

Question 30

inaccurate range of movement during motion-based activities.

Answer 30

dysmetria

Question 31

Onset of PSP is typically in the ___s, but can occur in the ___s.

Answer 31

60, 40

Question 32

which CN? auditory and vestibular functions

Answer 32

vestibulocochlear, CN VIII

Question 33

Common symptoms of ___ include dysarthria, dysphagia, bradykinesia, gait disorder, cognitive impairment, behavioral changes

Answer 33

PSP

Question 34

Which CN? eye movements, pupillary constriction

Answer 34

oculomotor, CN III

Question 35

which movement disorder is associated with early symptoms of genitourinary dysfunction, autonomic hypotension, and REM behavioral disorder that can progress rapidly to include balance, speech, and coordination problems.

Answer 35

Multisystem atrophy

Question 36

70% of patients with ___ have orthostatic hypotension.

Answer 36

MSA

Question 37

Disease that involves erosion of subcortical structures, subcortical-cortical connections, leading to a triad of motor, cognitive, and emotional/personality symptoms.

Answer 37

PSP

Question 38

Which PSP subtype? deterioration of personality social compartment, behavior, and cognition years before PSP-RS symptoms.

Answer 38

frontal presentation

Question 39

In ___, motor symptoms are typically symmetrical and generally do not respond to L-dopa.

Answer 39

MSA

Question 40

Mean age of onset for MSA is ___ to ___.

Answer 40

55 to 60.

Question 41

In __ apraxia typically begins in one limb and spreads to other limbs within 2 years. continued degree of asymmetry is common.

Answer 41

cortical basal syndrome

Question 42

In ___ neuroimaging may reveal focal, asymmetric cortical atrophy in the frontal/parietal areas and similar asymmetric hypoperfusion/hypometabolism.

Answer 42

cortical basal syndrome.

Question 43

Which movement disorder is associated with asymmetric motor symptoms involving limb rigidity or akinesia, limb dystonia, limb myoclonus, limb apraxia, cortical sensory loss, and/or alien limb phenomenon

Answer 43

cortical basal syndrome