Cranial nerves Flashcards
touch, pain, temperature. evaluated by inducing a gag reflex but touching the uvula. unilateral nerve dysfunction results in retraction to the stronger side.
glossopharyngeal nerve, IX
The examiner supports the patient’s head as they lie back on the exam table and the head is rotated. vertigo with nystagmus indicates CN dysfunction.
Dix-Hallpike.
tested by having patient shrug shoulders. dysfunction is on the lower side.
spinal accessory, XI
vision. assessed by having the patient look directly at the examiner’s eye and identify finger motion in the periphery.
optic nerve, II.
innervates tongue muscles. lesions cause ipsilateral tongue weakness. tested by examining the tongue protruded. tongue will deviate toward the side of the lesion. “methodist episcopal”
hypoglossal, XII
parasympathetic innervation to the heart, lungs, and digestive tract. swallowing and gagging reflex, larynx. somatic and visceral sensory functions. tested with inducing gag reflex.
vagus nerve, X
assessed by observing eye movements and shining a light into the pupil
oculomotor nerve, III
assessed by looking for asymmetry in spontaneous facial expressions. forehead spared.
facial nerve, VII
mixed functions
V, VII, IX, X
Sensory functions
I, II, VIII
tested by assessing facial sensation, corneal reflexes, and jaw jerk reflexes
trigeminal, V
tested by the Rinne test. a vibrating tuning fork is placed just outside each ear to assess air conduction and on the forehead or mastoid to assess bone conduction; also tested with the Dix-Hallpike maneuver.
vestibulocochlear, VIII
evaluated by observing vertical and lateral eye movements.
trochlear, IV, and abducens, VI
smell. tested by occluding one nostril and asking the patient to ID a fragrance
Olfactory nerve, I
Motor functions
III, IV, IV, XI, XII
