Validity Flashcards
What is validity and mention the types of validity - Procedural issues.
It is the accuracy and relevance of a study in capturing the intended concept of that study/experiment.
what is the difference between ecological and external validity?
ecological validity is a subset of external validity, focusing specifically on the faithfulness of the research environment to real-world conditions. External validity, on the other hand, covers a wider range of factors that influence the applicability of research findings beyond the immediate study context.
In internal validity, what is ethics, ethical?
Did the study follow all ethical procedures?
what is an example of low external validity?
- Sampling biases/non-representative samples (low external validity)
what are the two types of external validity?
- ecological validity
- population validity
what is the 1 type of internal validity?
- construct validity - investigating if the measure really is measuring the theoretical construct it is supposed to be.
This has to do with the operationalization of the variables.
what tests would you not do to asses ones cognitive ability (brain shit)
EQ test
Place individuals in a stressful situation and observe how they react
Eating habits
Sleep diaries
what is Funding bias & publication bias - how does it affect the validity of the study?
Another question that should be asked is - who funded the study? It is possible that the study you are reading demonstrates funding bias.
There is also the problem in psychology that often only studies with results are published. This leads to what is referred to as publication bias.
we need to ensure that none of this affects the validity of the study as there might be bias with regards to who wrote the study and who published it, this should be taken into consideration when conducting research or publicizing a report etc.
what is an example of ecological validity?
Often in laboratories, the situation is so highly controlled, it does not reflect what happens in real life - so, we cannot say that it would predict what would happen under normal circumstances and lacks ecological validity.
It can also be that the situation was so artificial that it does not represent what usually happens in real life - for example, being asked to shock a stranger in a lab situation or watching a video of a car crash rather than actually observing one in real life.
*thus cant normalize to real-life situations.
What is internal validity and what is the 1 type of internal validity.
Internal validity: How well an experiment is carried out, does it avoid extraneous variables (most of em)
- high internal validity is achieved by well controlled variables and carefully defined constructs.
The 1 type of internal validity is construct validity.
What is external validity, mention the 2 types.
External validity: The extent to which the study can be generalized to other situations and people to ‘real-world’ situations.
1. population
ecological
what is construct validity?
Construct validity: does it measure what it is supposed to measure? is it using the right tools? investigating if the measure really is measuring the theoretical construct it is supposed to be.
- This has to do with the operationalization of the variables.
what is population validity?
Population validity: Can it be generalized to tp? - wider community of that tp.
- If the sample is not representative of the tp, then the results are not generalizable to that population and the study lacks external validity.
