psych sampling techniques Flashcards
what is the self-selected sample?
The self-elected sample, more known as the volunteer sample is where the researcher allows people to sign up for their study, they could’ve heard this through ads, calls, social media, emails etc.
what is the opportunity sample?
The opportunity sample, also known as the convenience sample is here a researcher uses a pre-existing sample to conduct their research, something that is easy to obtain. key word SAMPLE, mr bens English class, if you are researching the effects of music on English classes etc etc.
what is random sampling?
A defined sample in which everyone has an equal probability of being chosen randomly, (out of a hat/roll of a die etc…) Only works with small populations depending on your targeting population.
what is purposive sampling?
A purposive sample is looking for people with a very specific set of traits depending on your target population. Units are selected because they have characteristics that you need in your sample - non probability/subjective/personal opinions etc.
What is snowball sampling?
Snowball sampling also known as the network sampling When you need a specific group that is not likely to be easy to reach through traditional means - social media, emails, fliers, etc»_space; (drug addicts, expatriates, high school dropouts). You use networks of people to help outreach for sampling.
Basically could has a friend who knows a friend to find the people you are looking for, like a snowball building.
What is stratified sampling?
Attempts to make samples that reflect sub-groups of our/target population. (ie if surveying metro students involving gender, 6 girls, 4 boys). For ex - if there are 10 ppl in gr 11 and 20 ppl in gr 12, you would take out 5 ppl from gr 11 and 10 ppl from gr 12, to make it even. - need to do math for this one, percentage etc etc.
What is croud sourcing?
Using online resources to reach out to very broad and large groups of people to increase access and diversity of studies
1 advantage and disadvantage of purposive sampling.
strength: will match your specific target population
limitation: not applicable beyond your target population. - no ecological validity.
1 advantage and disadvantage of snowball sampling.
get participants you may not be able to get on your own and creates a level of trust between researcher and participant.
hard to find that first participant. BIASED - initial subjects tend to nominate people that they know well.
1 advantage and 1 disadvantage of random sampling.
strength: everyone has the same probability of being chosen
limitation: if your target population is too big, your results will be biased as it will be hard to ensure you have equal represenation
1 advantage and 1 disadvantage of the self-selected sample.
strength: people are less likely to back out
limitation: may lead to a sample that do not represent the target population - randomly chosen
1 advantage and 1 disadvantage of opportunity sampling.
strength: convenience (less time consuming), could represent your target population - since you don’t have to create one of ur own.
limitation: Generalization from opportunity
samples is very limited because
of the sampling bias.
1 advantage and 1 disadvantage of cloud sourcing.
strength: The advantages of crowdsourcing include cost savings, speed, and the ability to work with people who you may not have access to
limitation: people could be fakes/frauds as they may only do it for money - never know true intentions.
