V. Breeds_Horses Flashcards
American Saddlebred
Type: Horse Riding, Driving
Use: 3 and 5 gaited saddle horse; fine harness
Appaloosa
Type: Riding
Use: 3 gaited saddle horse; stock
Arabian
Type: Riding
Use: 3 Gaited saddle horse; stock
Clydesdale
Type: Draft
Use: Power, work — esp in winter, parades
Hackney
Type: Driving
Use: Heavy harness; driving/harness shoe ponies
Missouri Fox trotting Horse
Type: Riding
Use: 3 gaited saddle horse
Morgan Riding 3 gaited saddle horse; stock
Type: Riding
Use: 3 gaited saddle horse; stock
Morocco Spotted Horse
Type: Riding
Use: 3 gaited saddle horse; stock
Palomino
Type: Riding
Use: 3 gaited saddle horse; stock
Percheron
Type: Draft
Use: Power, work — esp in winter, parades
Pinto
Type: Riding
Use: 3 gaited saddle horse; stock
Pony of the Americas
Type: Riding
Use: Riding ponies
Quarter Horse
Type: Riding, race
Use: Stock horse; quarter race
Shetland
Type: Riding, race
Use: Riding ponies; heavy harness, show ponies
Shire
Type: Draft
Use: Power, work esp in winter, parades
Suffolk
Type: Draft
Use: Power, work esp in winter, parades
Standardbred
Type: Race, Driving
Use: Harness race/trotter/pacer; roadster
Welsh
Type: Riding
Use: Riding ponies; heavy harness show ponies
Tennessee Walking Horse
Type: Riding
Use: Walking horse
Thoroughbred
Type: Riding, race
Use: 3 gaited saddle horse; stock; running race
Miniature
Type: Light drafty, pet
Use: Pulling light loads, pet show, mascot
Philippine pony
Type: Draft, driving
Use: Pulling loads, transportation, pack horse
Donkey/Mule/Hinny
Type: Draft
Use: Pulling loads, transportation, pack horse
American albino Horse
Type: Riding
Use: 3 gaited saddle horse
Belgian
Type: Draft
Use: Power, work — esp in winter, parades
Cleveland bay
Type: Riding
Use: 3 gaited saddle horse; stock
have been trained to develop a flashy walk, a trot and a canter
It is shown with roached mane and a trimmed tail, which can be easily spotted at horse show
3 gaited horse
in addition, trained to exhibit a slow (stepping pace) and rack.
They are shown in full mane and tail.
5 gaited horses
mostly descendants of Mustang (wild horse), used to work for the cattle industry (herding animals) and rodeos. Usually registered as Quarter Horses
Stock horse
compared to horses, is much smaller in stature, less subject to founder or injury, much tardier, less subject to hysteria under stress, but has a longer gestation period (about 12 months)
Donkey
are products of Horse X Donkey mating but are usually sterile.
Mules/Hinnies
like the Philippine ponies, are used to pull heavy wheeled loads, as transportation and as pack horses to transport farm products (e.g. coconut, coffee, pineapple) often on rugged terrain well-suited on mountain trails requiring accurate maneuvers.
Native stocks
Five basic Horse Colors:
Bay
Black
Brown
Chestnut
Flax chestnut
Major Horse Color Variation:
- Dun and Buckskin
- Gray
- Pinto (Calico/paint)
- Palomino
- Roan
Major Horse Color Variation
shade of yellow
Dun and Buckskin -
Major Horse Color Variation
shade of yellow — with dorsal stripe
Dun
Major Horse Color Variation
shade of yellow— with black points
Buckskin
Major Horse Color Variation
born blue or black but more and more white hairs appear with age
Gray
Major Horse Color Variation
spotted, more than 1 color irregular patches/spots in white body
Pinto (Calico/paint)
Major Horse Color Variation
golden color, with no black points
Palomino
Major Horse Color Variation
white hairs intermingled with 1 or more basic color — bay (red), chesnut (strawberry) or black (roan)
Roan
Major Patterns: may appear on any base color
- Appaloosa
- Pinto
Major Patterns
leopard (white spots over body), blanket (white over loins, hips), mottled skin
Appaloosa
Major Patterns
combination of white and colored marking
Pinto
Major Patterns
Pinto 4 white legs, head dark
Tobiano
Major Patterns
Pinto with 1 white leg, head all/partially white
Overo
is a term referring to the rhythmic movement of the feet and legs, relatively consistent and in orders, natural or acquired
Gait
denotes the number of movements in a gait
Beat
NATURAL GAITS IN HORSES
- Walk
- Trot
- Canter
- Gallop
a natural, slow, flat-footed, 4 beat gait; each four should take off from and strike the ground at a separate interval; it should be springy, regular and true
Walk
a natural, intermediate to rapid, 2 beat, diagonal gait; front foot and the opposite hind foot leaves and strike the ground simultaneously with a brief moment of all feet off the
ground; horse seemingly floating through the air.
Trot
a slow to medium speed, restrained, 3 neat gait; 2 diagonal legs are paired producing single beat falling between the successive beats of the other unpaired legs. Sometimes referred as slow gallop.
Canter
a natural fast, 4 beat gait (as shown by wild horses and thoroughbred race horses), each foot strikes the ground separately; (1%) 1 hind foot, (2”) then the other hind foot, (3) followed every quickly by the forefoot on the same side as the first hind foot, (4™) then the other forefoot. Sometimes referred as fast canter.
Gallop
ACQUIRED GAITS OF HORSES (by training)
- Pace
- Stepping Pace
- Foxtrot
- Running walk
- Amble
a fast, 2 beat gait used in harness racing in which the front and hind feet on the same side start and stops simultaneously
Pace
a slower and modified pace; required of the 5-gaited horses
Stepping Pace
required of the 5-gaited horses
Walking
