I. Animal Production and Husbandry Terms Flashcards
adaption of environment over a period of time
Acclimatization
as desired by the animal; self-fed
Ad-libitum
raising/ production of fishes/marine products in selected or controlled environment
Aquaculture
planned system/ measure to prevent entry and spread of diseases in the flock/herd
Biosecurity
tendency of hen to nest, incubating behavior
Broodiness
raising and caring for chicks in a protective environment (usually for the first 5-6 weeks)
Brooding
tendency or vice of animals in herd/flock to bite/peck others causing injuries
Cannibalism
animal body less viscera, head, skin and lower legs after slaughter
Carcass
removal of testicles of male animals
Castration
range of temperatures at which animal performance is maximized
Comfort Zone (thermoneutral zone)
feed provided to young animals within an enclosure that excludes larger animals
Creep feed
swallowing
Deglutition
a bolus of previously eaten food which has been regurgitated for further chewing partly digested food
Cud
burping, expulsion of accumulated gastric gases
Belching
scientific study of animal behavior in natural or typical environment
Ethology
deposition of unused energy in the form of fat within body tissues
Fattening
to fatten an animal to be slaughtered, also the degree of fatness of such animal
Finishing
practice of feeding higher amount of nutrients prior to and during breeding for ovulation
Flushing
type of chicken of both sexes especially bred to produce fighting cock
Gamefowls
maintenance of physiological stability even though environment may change
Homeostasis
refers to raising, production and proper care of livestock and poultry animals
Husbandry
chewing
Mastication
the interspersion of fat particles in lean meat
Marbling
gross overall population of microorganism (bacteria, protozoa, yeast, etc.)
Microflora
animal fiber used for upholstery or clothing, of greater length and less crimp than wool
Mohair
property of being pleasing to taste
Palatability
Roughage - feed low in digestibility energy and high in fiber
Roughage
act of voluntary vomiting swallowed food
Regurgitation
succulent feed produced from anaerobic storage and fermentation of forages
Silage
a semi-airtight structure for use in the production and storage or silage
Silo
health or physical integrity of an animal or some of its parts; in good condition
Soundness
subjects related to the science of livestock and poultry production/management, nutrition, breeding/genetics
Zootechnics
period of sexual receptivity which allows the female to be mated and occurs with each estrous cycle in non-seasonal breeders unless pregnancy intervenes; layman’s term “heat”
Estrus
the rupture of a ripe/matured follicle as a response to LH surge, shedding or releasing the ovum
Ovulation
production and release of more ova (multiple ovulation) at a single estrus as performed in embryo transfer
Superovulation
fertilization of the ovum; union of ovum and sperm; formation of the zygote
Conception
act of sexual intercourse, where semen of the male is deposited in the reproductive tract of female during mating or breeding or service
Copulation (coitus)
male sex drive
Libido
behavior of male animal associated with courtship and sexual activity. Such as dogs, bulls, or rams smelling the urine of female in heat or stallion curling its upper lips
Flehmen
one third of the length of gestation period
Trimester
time or period after birth
Post partum
laymen’s term for expelled uterine membrane or placenta after giving birth
Afterbirth
the deposition of semen in the female reproductive tract, it can be natural (during copulation or coitus) or artificial (Al done by human techniques)
Insemination
the period of milk secretion. Usually begins at parturition and ends when offspring are weaned or when milking is stopped
Lactation
first milk secreted postpartum containing high nutrients and antibodies for passive immunity of newborn
Colostrum
animal born to parent; descendant, either the first or a later generation
Offspring (progeny)
refers to newborn animal
Neonate
refers to prenatal stage after fetal membrane (placenta) become functional or beyond the embryo stage
Fetus
are animals with the same parents like brother/sister
Sib or sibling
chickens lay eggs on successive days known as __________, after which no egg laid for 1 or more days
Clutch
skin condition that become tight and contracted under nervous influence on the fibrous bundle
Hidebound
pure protein comprised of overlapping cells called epidermal cells and made up of horny cuticle, cortex (pigmented) and medulla (core, pigmented and hollow)
Hair
pure protein, but is enveloped with scales which give it felting characteristics
Wool
hair streams and vertices formed by the converging of hair on the animal’s body, helps distinguish one animal from other; used in the identification of animals (horses, cattle, carabao)
Cowlick
fabric made up of angora hair
Mohair
refers to a group of unprocessed animal hair
Fleece
