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Anprod Assessment 1 > V. Breeds_Cattle > Flashcards

V. Breeds_Cattle Flashcards

1
Q

Scientific Name of Cattle

A

European: Bos taurus
Indian/Tropical: Bos indicus

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2
Q

ENUMERATION

3 types:

A
  1. European,/Temperate Breeds (Bos taurus)
  2. Indian/Tropical Breeds (Bos indicus; humped cattle/ Zebu cattle)
  3. Exotic Breeds — refers to relatively recent breed arrivals/revivals
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3
Q

ENUMERATION

European,/Temperate Breeds (Bos taurus)

A

Angus (Scotland)
Hereford (England)
Shorthorn (England)
Red Angus (England)

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4
Q

ENUMERATION

Indian/Tropical Breeds (Bos indicus; humped cattle/ Zebu cattle)

A

Brahman (USA)
Guzerat (India)
Gir (India)
Krishna Valley (India)
Bhagnar (Pakistan)
Hariana (India)

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5
Q

ENUMERATION

  1. Exotic Breeds
    a. African Breeds
A

Eloran
ankole watusi
Fulani
Africander

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6
Q

ENUMERATION

  1. Exotic Breeds
    b. Dual-purpose Breeds
A

Milking shorthorn (England)
Red Sindhi (Pakistan)
Tharparkar (Pakistan)
Sahiwal (Pakistan)
Red Poll (England)
Beef Friesian (England)
Charolais (France) — beef and draft
Romagnola (Italy) — beef and draft

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7
Q

ENUMERATION

  1. Exotic Breeds
    c. Triple-Purpose Breed
A

Chianina (Italy)
Welsh Black (England)
German Simmental (Germany)

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8
Q

ENUMERATION

  1. Exotic Breeds
    d. U.S. Developed Breeds; Crossbreed Foundation; Other Exotic Breeds
A

Santa Gertrudis (5/8 shorthorn; 3/8 Brahman) USA
Indu-Brazil (Guzerat, Gir, Nellore and other Zebu breeds)
Beefmaster (1/4 Hereford; % shorthorn; ¥% Brahman) USA
Brangus (3/8 Brahman; 5/8 Angus) USA
Red Brangus (Mutation from black Brangus) USA
Braford (5/8 Hereford; 3/8 Brahman) USA
Charbay (5/8 Charolais; 3/8 Brahman) USA
Droughtmaster (3/4 — 7/8 Shorthorn; % - 1/8 Brahman) USA
Beefalo (3/8 Bison; 3/8 Charolais; 2/8 Hereford) USA

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9
Q

ENUMERATION

Dairy Breeds

A

Ayrshire (Scotland)
Brown Swiss (Switzerland)
Guernsey (France/Germany)
Jersey (France/Germany)
Holstein-Friesian (Netherland)
Girolando (Brazil) — Holstein-Friesian and Gir

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10
Q

ENUMERATION

A. Beef Type

A
  1. Charolais
  2. Santa Gertrudis
  3. Brahman
  4. Aberdeen-Angus
  5. Red Angus
  6. Hereford
  7. Polled Hereford
  8. Shorthorns
  9. Polled Shorthorns
  10. Other breeds
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11
Q

IDENTIFICATION

Powerful, large bodied, white animal weighing 1,520 Ibs (cow) to 2,510 Ibs (bull)

Originating from the Charolles district in central France

Coat: solid, creamy white color (light cream); spotless, uniformly tight-colored mucous membrane

Head: fairly small and short, with a broad forehead and muzzle; well developed jaws; long round white horn

Body: deep chest; round ribs merging with shoulders; straight and muscular back; very wide and thick loins; large hips, slightly recessed, large rump; deep, well-developed thighs.

Legs: fairly short, not to thin, standing well

Noted for its big body conformation, with long side, heavy muscled and lacks the smoothness of the British breeds

A

Charolais

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12
Q

IDENTIFICATION

Famous red cattle of Texas

Result of a good blending of shorthorn (5/8) and the Brahman (3/8)

Heavy breed, the mature weighing 1,700lbs and the cows 1,200lbs

Developed at the King’s Ranch, Texas, maybe considered as the first new breed of Cattle produced in America

Beef type

Cherry red colors, dropping and pendant ears, smooth and compact body conformation, and a loose hide that folds at the underline portion of the body inherited from a Brahman parentage

Hardy breed that can adapt itself to tropical and sub-tropical climates. Even in semi-arid grazing condition it can survive on scanty grasses

Resistant to heat and insect pests

A

Santa Gertrudis

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13
Q

IDENTIFICATION

The name Brahman or Zebu applies to all indigenous cattle of India

Characterized by a prominent hump above the shoulders, an abundance loose, pendulous skin and a loose hanging dewlap. It is narrow in body, rather long and is very thin of middle

Chief asset is its very adaptability to a warm humid climate such as is prevailing in the gulf coat of Texas and the Philippines

Also immune to Texas fever, and not bothered easily by ticks and flies

Good forages and regular brooders, and very active

Disadvantage is their tendency to become wild under range condition

Expected weight at maturity is 1,700lbs (cow) and 1,200Ibs (bull)

Foundation stock for new breed such as Santa Gertrudis, Brangus, Beefmaster, Braford

A

Brahman

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14
Q

IDENTIFICATION

One of the most outstanding breeds of cattle in the US

Originates in Northern Scotland

Black with little white on the underline on the area of the navel

Characteristically polled

Resistant to eye disease, particularly cancer of the eye and pink eye

Calves are usually smaller than other calves but at weaning they weigh equal with most calves of other breeds if not more

Body conformation in general is smooth, medium in size, adequate in length of side, properly trimmed and well muscled

A

Aberdeen-Angus

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15
Q

IDENTIFICATION

Comes out of the black angus herd even if the parents are black (black angus carry a red gene)

Body conformation in general is similar to that black Aberdeen Angus (came from same ancestry)

Deep red color

A

Red Angus

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16
Q

IDENTIFICATION

Native of England (originated in the Hereford)

Red-colored bodies with white faces and often referred to as white faced cattle

White is also found on the flank, underline, crest, breast, tail switch, below the hock, knees, and hind and forelegs

Body conformations are muscular, moderate to long body size, adequate length of leg, large in size, smooth, and well-trimmed

Fleshing is adequate in the regions of valuable cuts as on back, loin, and hind quarters

Also very hardy an well known for its vigor and foraging ability

A

Hereford

17
Q

IDENTIFICATION

Same as Hereford except absence of horn

A

Polled Hereford

18
Q

IDENTIFICATION

Northeaster England comprising of countries of Durham, York, and Northumberland

Body conformation is large, well-muscled and rectangular in shape

Color ranges from red to white and all the combination of these two colors from the spotted white to roan

A

Shorthorns

19
Q

IDENTIFICATION

Developed out of the purebred shorthorn except it is hornless

A

Polled Shorthorns

20
Q

IDENTIFICATION

cross between Brahman and Angus

A

Brangus

21
Q

IDENTIFICATION

Triple cross of Brahman, Hereford, and Shorthorn

A

Beefmaster

22
Q

IDENTIFICATION

cross between Charolais and Brahman

A

Charbray

23
Q

IDENTIFICATION

5/8 shorthorn; 3/8 Brahman

A

Santa Gertrudis

24
Q

IDENTIFICATION

Guzerat, Gir, Nellore and other Zebu breeds

A

Indu-Brazil

25
Q

IDENTIFICATION

1/4 Hereford; 1/4 shorthorn; 1/2 Brahman

A

Beefmaster

26
Q

IDENTIFICATION

3/8 Brahman; 5/8 AnguS

A

Brangus

27
Q

IDENTIFICATION

Mutation from black Brangus

A

Red Brangus

28
Q

IDENTIFICATION

5/8 Hereford; 3/8 Brahman

A

Braford

29
Q

IDENTIFICATION

5/8 Charolais; 3/8 Brahman

A

Charbay

30
Q

IDENTIFICATION

3/4 — 7/8 Shorthorn; 1/4- 1/8 Brahman

A

Droughtmaster

31
Q

IDENTIFICATION

3/8 Bison; 3/8 Charolais; 2/8 HereforD

A

Beefalo

32
Q

ENUMERATION

B. Dairy Breed of Cattle

A
  1. Holstein Friesian
  2. Guernsey
  3. Jersey
  4. Brown Swiss
33
Q

IDENTIFICATION

Native of Holland (known there as Friesian, other country known as Holstein

Heavy milk producers

Combination of black and white (legs are always white below the hock)

Switch is also white, amount of black and white may vary (no pure white or black)

Any combination which does not fall within this description is not considered a Holstein

Standard weight for cow is 1,250lbs and bull is 1,800lbs

Ruggedly built with emphasis on the big feeding capacity to hold a volume of milk

Head is straight, long and narrow, thighs are straight while the withers have rounded orientation

By nature the breed is docile, although some males show slight vicious tendencies

Considered excellent grazers especially in pastures of mixed grasses and legumes

Ordinarily the breed cannot thrive on a poor pasture growth

Noted for milk low in fat, at average of 3.66%

Calves are big and steers produce an excellent carcass noted for light fat color

A

Holstein Friesian

34
Q

IDENTIFICATION

Originated from Island of Guernsey, France

Typical color is fawn to almost red, with white markings on the legs, flanks, switch, and sometimes on the face and body

Colar of the nose is buff to smoky, and the skin is yellow

Body conformation is slightly rugged, usually rough on the rump and weak on the loin; udders are not as symmetrical as that of the Jersey and the face is double dished and longer than that of the Jersey

Performance as a milk breed is comparable to that of the Holstein and Jersey except that it contains high percentage of milk fat

As agrazeritis average and not as efficient as the Holstein on good pastures and in poor pasture not as efficient as the Jersey

¢ Ordinarily the breed is alert and active but not nervous (easy to manage)

A

Guernsey

35
Q

IDENTIFICATION

Originated on the island of Jersey in the English Channel

smallest of the dairy breed (cow weighs about 1000 lbs and bull is about 1300Ibs)

Typical color ranging from fawn to black sometimes white spotting also occurs

Tongue and switch may be black or white, while muzzle is black and with white ring encircling it

Toplines are straight, with level rumps and sharp withers, in their head have a double dish

Udders are well developed, both in shape and in attachments

Inclined to be nervous and sensitive, and tamed under good management, but vicious when abuses

Bullis naturally vicious under unfavorable conditions

Considered very efficient foragers even in poor pastures

A

Jersey

36
Q

IDENTIFICATION

Come from mountainous areas of Switzerland

Coat calor varies from a light fawn to almost black

Muzzle and stripe along the backbone are light in color ; tongue, nose, horn tips, and switch are black

largest and meatiest dairy cattle, Rugged and cow weigh as much as 14001bs

also considered as a major source of beef

characteristic has large bones, large head switch, thick and loose skin

docile and easily tamed

good grazer (ruggedness)

Steers produce good meat with white fat

milk production at average is 11,3921bs of milk and 463Ibs of fat with 4.07% milk fat in 305 days

A

Brown Swiss

Anprod Assessment 1 (17 decks)

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