I. Livestock and Poultry Terms Flashcards
act of giving birth
Parturition
act of giving birth in cows
Calving
act of giving birth in sows (pigs)
Farrowing
act of giving birth in does (goat)
Kidding
act of giving birth in mares
Foaling
act of giving birth in ewes
Lambing
act of giving birth in dogs
Whelping
act of giving birth in cats
Queening
period of pregnancy, the period of development of the young in viviparous animals, from the time of fertilization of the ovum to birth
Gestation
fertilization or fusion of gametes to produce a zygote
Conception
female parent
Dam
male parent
Sire
capacity to produce successfully (both male and female)
Fertility
ability to give birth to offspring frequently or numerous young at frequent intervals; degree of reproduction usually for polytocous species (e.g. sow, bitch, queen, etc. giving birth to a litter) indicating relative size; usually applied/served to or for the female
Fecundity
inability to produce normal young; permanent loss of fertility
Sterility
temporary loss of fertility
Infertility
failure to copulate
Impotency
sexual maturity, as exhibited by first heat or ovulation, time of adolescence when the male or female gonads become capable of releasing gametes. The onset or reproductive capacity
Puberty
young animals, after separation from its dam
Weanling
process of separating the young from its dam
Weaning
time/age reached when the gametes become capable of fertilization; state of full reproductive capacity
Sexual maturity
the time/interval that elapses from puberty to sexual maturity
Adolescence
rhythmic sexual behavior patterns develop in female animals during puberty. Also known as the heat cycle or the time from one heat to the next
Estrous cycle
refers to animals which have several estrous cycles per year or breeding season
Polyestrous
belongs to the order Perissodactyla (group of odd toed mammals)
Horses
foot is reduced to a one hoofed toe
Horses
mature male horse
Stallion
term for stallion used for breeding purposes
Stud horse
mature female horse
Mare
a mare dedicated to the production of foals
Brood mare
young female horse up to first breeding or 4 years
Filly
newly born young horse of either sex
Foal
castrated male horse
Gelding
dry mare, which has not produced any young during the breeding season
Geld mare
to gently cut grass into small bits with the teeth (horse)
Nibble
voice or guttural sound emitted by horse
Neigh or whine
a place, usually a farm, at which purebred animals are maintained and reproduced (horse)
Stud
barn or shed where horses are bedded or confined
Stable
stallion with only one testis or none in the scrotum
Ridgling
horsemanship; art of riding on horseback
Equitation
refers to the act of mating in horses
Covering
refers to horses used for work
Draft horse
refers to a person offering services for the trimming and shoeing of the hoof
Farrier
refers to horses used for the sport called polo. They are usually 14-15 hands tall
Polo ponies
refers to horses which are qualified to participate in horse races conducted by racing clubs with a congressional franchise to hold horse races
Race horses
refers to enclosure where horses are held prior to horse races or polo games
Racing paddocks
refers to horses being used mainly for riding or equestrian competitions
Riding horse
small type horse, under 14.2 hands (approx. 57 inches) in height at the withers
Pony
long eared species of the horse family
Ass
mature male ass
Jack (jackass)
English term for ass
Donkey
mature female ass
Jennet (Jenny)
cross between a jack and a mare. Being a hybrid, this crossbred animal is noted for strength
Mule
reciprocal crosses, or crosses between a stallion and a jennet (reproductive sterile)
Hinny
Mexican term for a small variety of ass
Burro
close relative of horse, also known as ass or burro
Donkey
member of the bovine family or sometimes the male used for draft purpose
Ox
domesticated bovine animals
Cattle
a male bovine animal of breeding age, usually over one year of age
Bull
mature female of cattle used for breeding
Cow
young female cattle under three years of age, usually, one that has not given birth
Heifer
suckling young cattle of either sex
Calf
young male cattle under one year of age
Bull calf
male castrated at an early age before the secondary sex characteristics develop. (when a mature female is unused, it is called a spayed cow)
Steer
male which was castrated at an older age when secondary sex characteristics have become well developed (masculine head, neck and shoulder)
Stag
a mature castrated male cattle destined for meat production or draft
Bullock
to trust with the horns
Gore
sound emitted by a bull
Bellow
group of cattle
Herd
weaned cattle fed high — diets before going to the feedlot. Also, to describe light/thin feeders/mature cows purchased to utilize low-quality roughage
Stocker
fat of cattle, buffalo, or sheep
Tallow
tropical humped cattle breed (Bos indicus) from the Indian subcontinent
Zebu
a domesticated subspecies of water buffalo found in the Philippines and elsewhere in Southeast Asia
Carabao
prefix applying to cattle as proposed by Dr. V. Villegas, UPLB)
Cara
mature male of Carabao used for breeding
Carabull
mature female of carabao used for breeding
Caracow
young female carabao under three years of age, usually, one that has not given birth
Caraheifer
suckling young carabao of either sex
Caracalf
young male carabao under one year of age
Carabull calf
domestic horned ungulate belonging to genus Bubalus, also known as water buffalo, Asiatic buffaloes, carabao
Buffalo
also, a member of the family Bovidae
Sheep
mature male sheep
Ram
mature female sheep
Ewe
young sheep of either sex below one year of age
Lamb
male sheep castrated while young, preferably between one to three weeks of age
Wether sheep
yearling sheep with two teeth
Shearling
wool and skin of a sheep
Fleece
young male sheep
Kid ram
young female sheep
Kid ewe
group of sheep
Flock/hurtle
male goat of any age
Billy goat or buck
mature female goat
Doe
young goat of either sex below one year of age
Kid
castrated male goat which was unsexed before the secondary characteristics have developed
Wether goat
young female goat
Kid doe
young male goat
Kid buck
group of goats
Band
mature goat doe
Nanny
belongs to family of suidae, which are even toed animals
Swine
mature male swine (usually matures at 7-9 months of age)
Boar
mature female swine (considered mature for breeding at 8-10 months of age)
Sow
young female swine, ready for breeding (under one year of age, usually has not yet delivered)
Gilt
young of the species swine
Piglets
collective term for the young of a sow at one farrowing
Litter
number of young born in one litter
Litter size
castrated male pig, the castration having done at an older age
Stag
young pig separated from the sow, about 5 weeks old
Weanling
castrated male pig before the secondary sex characters have developed; the unsexing having done at an early age
Barrow
market term for pigs, either sex, any age, usually from 6 — 12 months of age (app. 60 kg)
Shote (shoat)
young pigs from birth up to weaning
Suckling
to give birth to a litter of young
Farrow
an enclosure, usually lumber, with and opening for the young pigs, but excludes the sow or older pigs. This device enables the young to eat or drink without being given competition by the latter
Creep
group of swine
Herd/drove
fat from pigs that has been produced through a rendering process
Lard
refers to a group of domesticated birds that render man an economic service
Poultry
includes chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese pigeon, and guinea fowls
Poultry
any young bird, grown usually for 6 weeks in order that it may weigh 1 kg after that period;
Broiler
young type of chicken of either sex (typically 3 —5 months of age) weighing about 1.3-2.2 kg
Broiler
also referred to as fryer or young chicken
Broiler
process of subjecting eggs to light (usually a bulb) to check its fertility
Candling
process of subjecting young animals to heat and warmth in order to increase their chances of survival
Brooding
growing animals for someone else for a fee
Contract growing
removal of the comb or wattle
Dubbing
any bird that has developed to a size suitable for frying
Fryer
natural means of renewing feathers in birds
Molting
young female bird, hen or chicken (less than a year old)
Pullet
overgrown fryer, meat type of chicken of either sex (typically 3 — 5 months of age) weighing about 2.96 kg average live weight
Roaster
feathers of a fowl
Plumage
process of finding out the sex of the animals
Sexing
refers to any structure, building, land or premises housing or intended to house birds in which the temperature cannot be controlled within set limits
Aviary
group of birds
Flock
meat type chicken sold at 0.9 — 1.1 kg live weight. Usually smaller than broiler and sold whole-body and never cut
Squab broiler
one of the more common poultry species different from turkeys, ducks, geese, etc.
Chickens
mature and fully developed male chicken, one year or over
Rooster
young male, less than a year old
Cockerel
caponized male, readily distinguisdhed by the undeveloped comb and wattles
Capon
an imperfectly caponized male/ a piece of testes had been accidentally left during the operation and regenerated
Slip
young chicken regardless of sex
Chick
domesticated bird, now commonly referring to a cock or hen
Fowl
mature male turkey
Tom
mature female turkey
Turkey hen
young turkey regardless of sex
Poult
synonym for tom, and probably derived fram the sound emitted by it
Gobbler
aquatic birds that are akin to ducks but distinguished from them by having longer necks, narrower bills, larger bodies and wings and a more aggressive behavior
Geese
mature male geese
Gander
mature female geese
Goose
young geese regardless of sex
Gosling
name of various waterfowls akin to, but distinguished from swans and geese by having broader bills and more wadding gait
Ducks
mature male duck
Drake
mature female duck
Duck
young duck regardless of sex
Duckling
mature male guinea fowl
Cock
mature female guinea fowl
Hen
young guinea fowl
Kett
male pigeon
Cock
female of the species pigeon
Pigeon Hen
young dove or pigeon, young immature pigeon, usually up to 30 days (also refers to its meat)
Squab
milk like substance secreted in the crop of the pigeon hen and which are regurgitated for the nourishment of the squab
Pigeon milk
native hare (genus lepus)
Jackrabbit
young female or male rabbit (meat type)
Fryer
female mink
Jill
big birds (ostrich, emu) known for their red meat and skin for leather
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