uworld15

Question 1

someone with ascites and JVD with hx of RT/chemo for Hodgkin’s lymphoma. think…

Answer 1

constrictive pericarditis from RT

Question 2

what should be used to prevent esophageal varices bleeding?

Answer 2

beta blockers

Question 3

when should octreotide be used for esophageal varices?

Answer 3

active bleeding

Question 4

source of back pain? starts <40, improves with exercise, pain at night

Answer 4

ankylosing spondylitis

Question 5

is VC and FRC and TLC inc or dec in restrictive lung dz

Answer 5

VC, TLC- dec

FRC- nl or inc

Question 6

Hamman sign- crunching sound on chest auscultation heard when?

Answer 6

esophageal perforation

Question 7

sarcoid sxs

Answer 7

Pulm- hilar adenopathy, infiltrates

Skin: erythema nodosum, papules

eye: uveitis

CV: AV block, cardiomyopathy

MSK: polyarthritis

CNS/endocrine: facial nerve palsy, central diabetes insipidus, hypercalcemia

RES: LAD, HSM

Lofgren syn

Question 8

lofgren syndrome

Answer 8

hilar adenopathy

erythema nodosum

migratory polyarthralgia

fever

Question 9

sxs of PV

Answer 9

itching after bathing

ruddy cyanosis

splenomegaly

Question 10

is ESR up or down in PV?

Answer 10

down

Question 11

is iron level up or down in PV?

Answer 11

down- used up

Question 12

amikacin is what class of abx? and what potential side effect

Answer 12

aminoglycoside- nephrotoxic!

Question 13

etiologies of ascending aoritc aneurysms vs descending

Answer 13

ascending: marfans, ehrlos-danlos, aging
descending: atherosclerosis

Question 14

aldosterone escape concept

Answer 14

limits edema and hypernatremia in primary hyperaldosteronism

Na rearbsorbed –> inc blood volume –> inc GFR and ANP –> Na excretion

Question 15

what hypoerthyroidism treatment worsens eye proptosis?

Answer 15

radioactive iodine

Question 16

does uremia cause platelet decrease or platelet dysfunction?

Answer 16

platelet dysfunction- count nl

Question 17

what can correct coagulopathy in uremic patients?

Answer 17

desmospressin (DDAVP)- increases vWF-VIII from endothlial storage sites

cryoprecipitate

conjugated estrogens

Question 18

serology for cleared hep B infection

Answer 18

HBsAg negative
HbsAb positive
HbcAb positive (IgG)

Question 19

how do AVMs cause heart failure?

Answer 19

shunt arterial blood to venous side –> increase preload

Question 20

which obstructive lung dz has low DLCO?

Answer 20

emphysema

Question 21

which has stronger AMS? DKA or HHS?

Answer 21

HHS

Question 22

how does systemic sclerosis cause pulm HTN?

Answer 22

pulm arterial intimal thickening

Question 23

PFTs on systemic sclerosis pulm HTN vs sarcoid pulm HTN

Answer 23

ss- nl PFTs

sarcoid: restrictive pattern PFTs

Question 24

imaging of choice for suspected vertebral osteo if x-ray nl?

Answer 24

MRI

Question 25

when should you suspect verebral osteo?

Answer 25

elevated WBC, ESR
fever
focal spinal pain

recent UTI?

Question 26

what differentiates allergic rhinits vs nonallergic rhiniits in sxs?

Answer 26

allergic: responds to allergen, earlier age onset, blue mucosa
nonallergic: post-nasal drip, later age onset, erythematous muscosa

Question 27

tx of allergic rhinits vs nonallergic

Answer 27

allergic: intranasal steroids, antihistamins

nonallergic: intranasal antihistamines or steroids
mod- severe: combo