uworld10 Flashcards
someone with bleeding episode post-colon surgery. think…
vit K deficiency
initial treatment for symptomatic bradycardia
IV atropine
what treatments in atropine refractory isnur bradycardia?
IV epi or DA
or transcutaneous pacing
D-xylose test tests what disease
celiac dz- cant absorb d-xylose in intestines, and cant excrete it in urine
why does someone getting treated for a COPD exacerbation get a tonic clonic seizure?
supplemental O2 in COPD exacerbation can cause CO retention
–> goal is sp02 90-93
what causes soft S2?
aortic stenosis
recurrent pneumonia in same lung region, think…
local airway obstruction– malignancy (are they smoker?)
or recurrent aspiration
asbestoss restrictlive lung dz affects diffusion capacity
decreased diffusion capacity
D-dimer test has strong PPV or NPV in people with unlikely PT?
NPV- normal result excludes VTE
invasive aspergillosis on CT
pulmonary nodules with surrounding ground glass opacities (halo sign)
triad of invasive aspergillosis
fever
hemotypsis
pleuritic chest pain
management of invasive aspergillosis vs chronic aspergillosis
invasive: voriconazole +/- caspofungin
chronic: resect if possible, azole, embolization if hemoptysis
risk factors for invasive aspergillosis vs chronic aspergillosis
invasive: immunocompromised (neutropenia, steroids, HIV)
chronic: lung disease/damage- cavitary TB
how do filling pressures and size changes of the left atria and ventricle change with acute MR?
size is constant in acute MR (inc in chronic)
filling pressures increase in both ventricle and atria
equalization and elevation of intracardiac diastolic pressures (pressures in four chambers the same). think…
cardiac tamponade
what imaging to confirm cardiac tamponade dx?
echo
febrile nonhemolytic blood transfusion rxn
most common
within 1-6 hrs
fever, chills
cytokine accumulation cause
acute hemolytic transfusion rxn
within 1 hr
fever, flank pain, DIC, renal failure
pos direct coombs test–ABO incompatibility
delayed hemolytic rxn
2-10 days
mild fever, hemolytic anemia
pos direct coombs- anamnestic antibody response
anaphylactic trafsusion response
few sec-min
shock, resp distress, angioedema
anti-IgA antibodies in IgA def person
urticaria tranfusion rxn
2-3 hours
urticaria, flushing, angioedema, pruritis
recipient IgE antibodies and mast cells
TRALI
within 6 hrs
resp distress, pulm edema
caused by donor anti-WBC antibodies
patient with gunshot wounds to abdomen gets bacteria inf of strep pneumo. think…
they removed his spleen in accident –> encapsulated organisms
are Ca level high or low in secondary hyperparathyroidism from CKD?
low
