uworld14 Flashcards

1
Q

ways to prevent febrile nonhemolytic transfusion rxns

A

using leukoreduced blood- filtered for cytokines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

pathophys of waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM)

A

excessive monoclonal IgM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

sxs of WM

A
hyperviscous syndrome
neuropathy
cryoglobunemia
HSM
cytopenias
LAD
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

hyperviscous syndrome sxs

A

diplopia
tinnitus
HA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

flattening of flow-volume loop indicative of

A

fixed upper airway obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

eval of someone with alcoholic cirrhosis should be

A

EGD to check for esophageal varices

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

which WBC is raised in steroid- induced leukocytosis?

A

PMN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

common organisms to produce secondary pneumonia on influenza

A

strep pneumo, staph aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

when is radioactive iodine uptake scan increased or decreased

A

inc- de novo thyroid hormone increase (primary)

dec- exogenous hormone intake or preformed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

is thyroglobulin inc or dec in endogenous vs exogenous

A

high- endogenous

low- exogenous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

which nutrition def does carcinoid syndrome lead to and why

A

niacin

carcinoid –> inc serotonin from trptophan –> less tryptophan to make niacin –> niacin def

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

pathophy of developing orthostatic hypotension with aging

A

decreased baroreceptor sensitivity

also: arterial stiffness, decreased sensitivity of myocardium to sympathetic stimulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

treatment for papillary thyroid cancer

A

surgical resection

post op adjuvant therapies: radioiodine ablation, high TH to suppress TSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how does COPD increase TLC and decrease vital capacity

A

increased air trapping

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

eikenella is found where

A

gram neg anaerobe in normal human mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

SPEP checks for

A

multiple myeloma

17
Q

beta blocker overdose treatment and when to think of beta blocker OD anecdotally

A

IVF
IV atropine
if refractory hypotension –> IV glucagon

also: IV calcium, vasopressors, insulin +gluc, IV lipid emulsion therapy

anecdote, think: OD + wheezing

18
Q

urine anion gap is calculated when

A

when theres a normal anion gap met acidosis and you want to decipher between renal or GI bicarb losses

19
Q

what can improve mortality in COPD?

A

smoking cessation - for all

oxygen– only for severe hypoxemia

20
Q

glucagonoma sxs

A

necrolytic migratory erythema- plaques on face, pernieum, extremities- blister with central clearing

DM

GI- diarrhea, abdominal pain

weight loss, neuropsych

21
Q

tests to order for moderate hypokalemia

A

renin, aldosterone levels

22
Q

tumor lysis syndrome sxs and associated labs

A

cardiac arrythmias- hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia

AKI- high uric acid, phosphorus, K

N/V, diarrhea,
muscle cramps, seizures, tetany (low Ca)

23
Q

which HIV-related illness causes bloody diarrhea

A

CMV- fever

kaposi sarcoma- no fever

24
Q

which HIV-related illnesses cause watery diarrhea

A

giardia
MAC
cryptosporidium
microsporidium

25
Q

paradoxical embolism

A

when an embolus crosses to arterial side thru PFO/ASD –> stroke

26
Q

tick on body for less than ___ hours should be reassured they dont have lyme

A

36

27
Q

Trosseau’s syndrome

A

hypercoagulable disorder

recurrent migratory superficial thrombophlebitis (arm, chest)

associated with malignancy: pancreatic, stomach, lung, prpstate, (do CT!)