uworld14

Question 1

ways to prevent febrile nonhemolytic transfusion rxns

Answer 1

using leukoreduced blood- filtered for cytokines

Question 2

pathophys of waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM)

Answer 2

excessive monoclonal IgM

Question 3

sxs of WM

Answer 3

hyperviscous syndrome
neuropathy
cryoglobunemia
HSM
cytopenias
LAD

Question 4

hyperviscous syndrome sxs

Answer 4

diplopia
tinnitus
HA

Question 5

flattening of flow-volume loop indicative of

Answer 5

fixed upper airway obstruction

Question 6

eval of someone with alcoholic cirrhosis should be

Answer 6

EGD to check for esophageal varices

Question 7

which WBC is raised in steroid- induced leukocytosis?

Answer 7

PMN

Question 8

common organisms to produce secondary pneumonia on influenza

Answer 8

strep pneumo, staph aureus

Question 9

when is radioactive iodine uptake scan increased or decreased

Answer 9

inc- de novo thyroid hormone increase (primary)

dec- exogenous hormone intake or preformed

Question 10

is thyroglobulin inc or dec in endogenous vs exogenous

Answer 10

high- endogenous

low- exogenous

Question 11

which nutrition def does carcinoid syndrome lead to and why

Answer 11

niacin

carcinoid –> inc serotonin from trptophan –> less tryptophan to make niacin –> niacin def

Question 12

pathophy of developing orthostatic hypotension with aging

Answer 12

decreased baroreceptor sensitivity

also: arterial stiffness, decreased sensitivity of myocardium to sympathetic stimulation

Question 13

treatment for papillary thyroid cancer

Answer 13

surgical resection

post op adjuvant therapies: radioiodine ablation, high TH to suppress TSH

Question 14

how does COPD increase TLC and decrease vital capacity

Answer 14

increased air trapping

Question 15

eikenella is found where

Answer 15

gram neg anaerobe in normal human mouth

Question 16

SPEP checks for

Answer 16

multiple myeloma

Question 17

beta blocker overdose treatment and when to think of beta blocker OD anecdotally

Answer 17

IVF
IV atropine
if refractory hypotension –> IV glucagon

also: IV calcium, vasopressors, insulin +gluc, IV lipid emulsion therapy

anecdote, think: OD + wheezing

Question 18

urine anion gap is calculated when

Answer 18

when theres a normal anion gap met acidosis and you want to decipher between renal or GI bicarb losses

Question 19

what can improve mortality in COPD?

Answer 19

smoking cessation - for all

oxygen– only for severe hypoxemia

Question 20

glucagonoma sxs

Answer 20

necrolytic migratory erythema- plaques on face, pernieum, extremities- blister with central clearing

DM

GI- diarrhea, abdominal pain

weight loss, neuropsych

Question 21

tests to order for moderate hypokalemia

Answer 21

renin, aldosterone levels

Question 22

tumor lysis syndrome sxs and associated labs

Answer 22

cardiac arrythmias- hyperkalemia, hypocalcemia

AKI- high uric acid, phosphorus, K

N/V, diarrhea,
muscle cramps, seizures, tetany (low Ca)

Question 23

which HIV-related illness causes bloody diarrhea

Answer 23

CMV- fever

kaposi sarcoma- no fever

Question 24

which HIV-related illnesses cause watery diarrhea

Answer 24

giardia
MAC
cryptosporidium
microsporidium

Question 25

paradoxical embolism

Answer 25

when an embolus crosses to arterial side thru PFO/ASD --> stroke

Question 26

tick on body for less than ___ hours should be reassured they dont have lyme

Answer 26

36

Question 27

Trosseau's syndrome

Answer 27

hypercoagulable disorder recurrent migratory superficial thrombophlebitis (arm, chest) associated with malignancy: pancreatic, stomach, lung, prpstate, (do CT!)