UWorld Nic-Nac on my Gate

Question 1

When do you add abx in COPD?

Answer 1

For moderate/ severe exacerbations (> cardinal symptoms)

cardinals= changes in:
dyspnea
cough
sputum

Question 2

Most common cause of community acquired infective endocarditis

Answer 2

Streptococcus

Question 3

Malignant otitis externa

Answer 3

serious ear infection 
seen in bad T2DM
Granulation tissue 
Pseudomonas common bug
*can lead to osteomyelitis of the skull

Question 4

Most common cause of iron def anemia in old peeps

Answer 4

GI Bleed

Question 5

What improves survival for cardiac arrest

Answer 5

time to CPR, rhythm analysis, and defibrillation

Question 6

What can prevent calcium renal stones

Answer 6

↑ fluid
using thiazides
↓ Na/ Ca diet

Question 7

Renal disease in HIV

Answer 7

most common = FSGS

Question 8

Do you need permission to pull the plug in brain death

Answer 8

NOPE

Question 9

s/s of acute angle closure glaucoma

Answer 9

eye pain
Nonreactive dilated pupil
NVD

Question 10

Entamoeba histolytica

Answer 10

s/s: colitis, RUQ pain, fever

liver usually has a single cyst

Question 11

FEV1

Answer 11

volume expired over 1 second

Question 12

FVC

Answer 12

surrogate for vital capacity

Question 13

FEV1/ FVC normal is?

Answer 13

normal ratio = 0.7- 0.8 ++

*If this is ever abnormal, the patient is obstructed

Question 14

Air that can still be breathed in after normal inspiration

Answer 14

Inspiratory reserve volume

Question 15

3 reasons for basophilic stippling

Answer 15

Lead poison
Thalassemia
Alcoholism

Question 16

Low radioiodine uptake in hyperthyroidism

Answer 16

thyroiditis

exogenous thyroid intake

Question 17

Unvaccinated individual exposed to Hep B should get?

Answer 17

Heb B vaccine

HB immune globbin

Question 18

If you find a tick on someone what should you do?

Answer 18

Ticks should be removed with tweezers

no abx prophylaxis if its been there less than 36 hours

Question 19

Drugs known for interstitial nephritis

Answer 19

cephlosporin 
penicillin 
sulfas 
NSAIDs
rifampin 
phenytoin 
allopurinol

Question 20

Alcoholic cerebellar degeneration

Answer 20

Affects vermis

limbs ok, trunk is ataxic

Question 21

Most common cause glomerulonephritis in adults

Answer 21

IgA nephropathy

hematuria 5 days after URI

normal serum complement

Question 22

Age of ulcerative colitis

Answer 22

bimodal
second peak is 50-80
ab pain, bloody diarrhea, tenesmus, fecal incontinence

Question 23

Ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 23

inflamitroy back pain/stiffness
lumbar/ sacral tenderness
↓ ROM

ddx by xray

asc. w/ HLA-B27 (but not specfic or required)

Question 24

Rx for chemo induced NVD

Answer 24

Serotonin antagonist

ex: ondancetron

Question 25

Scopolamine

Answer 25

anti-cholinergic

reduces motion sickness

Question 26

Metoclopramide

Answer 26

Da antagonist

good for refractory vomiting

Question 27

________ can fxn as a motilin receptor antagonist to help nausea from gastroparesis

Answer 27

erythromycin

Question 28

Methylnaltrexone

Answer 28

aka gut naloxone

reverse opioid constipation but no systemic absorption

Question 29

NSAIDS and hematuria

Answer 29

NSAIDs–> papillary necrosis

Question 30

A general rule of endocrinology diagnostics is?

Answer 30

imaging is performed AFTER biochemical testing

ex insulin like growth factor before pituitary MRI

Question 31

Vertebral mets

Answer 31

dull, non-radiating, worse at night pain

Question 32

________ is the most common cause of back pain in people over 60

Answer 32

Lumbar stenosis

Question 33

Blastomycosis

Answer 33

pulm fungal infection
skin and bone lesions are common
broad based budding yeast

rx: itraconazole/ ampho B

Question 34

Chronic pulm aspergillosis

Answer 34

> 3 months of wt loss, cough, hemoptysis, fatigue

prior lung disease

ddx by CXR and aspergillus IgG

Question 35

Esophageal adenocarcinoma

Answer 35

GERD > 20 years
mild dysphagia/ retrosternal discomfort
asymmetric narrowing on barium swallow