UWorld Nic-Nac on my Gate Flashcards
When do you add abx in COPD?
For moderate/ severe exacerbations (> cardinal symptoms)
cardinals= changes in:
dyspnea
cough
sputum
Most common cause of community acquired infective endocarditis
Streptococcus
Malignant otitis externa
serious ear infection seen in bad T2DM Granulation tissue Pseudomonas common bug *can lead to osteomyelitis of the skull
Most common cause of iron def anemia in old peeps
GI Bleed
What improves survival for cardiac arrest
time to CPR, rhythm analysis, and defibrillation
What can prevent calcium renal stones
↑ fluid
using thiazides
↓ Na/ Ca diet
Renal disease in HIV
most common = FSGS
Do you need permission to pull the plug in brain death
NOPE
s/s of acute angle closure glaucoma
eye pain
Nonreactive dilated pupil
NVD
Entamoeba histolytica
s/s: colitis, RUQ pain, fever
liver usually has a single cyst
FEV1
volume expired over 1 second
FVC
surrogate for vital capacity
FEV1/ FVC normal is?
normal ratio = 0.7- 0.8 ++
*If this is ever abnormal, the patient is obstructed
Air that can still be breathed in after normal inspiration
Inspiratory reserve volume
3 reasons for basophilic stippling
Lead poison
Thalassemia
Alcoholism
Low radioiodine uptake in hyperthyroidism
thyroiditis
exogenous thyroid intake
Unvaccinated individual exposed to Hep B should get?
Heb B vaccine
HB immune globbin
If you find a tick on someone what should you do?
Ticks should be removed with tweezers
no abx prophylaxis if its been there less than 36 hours
Drugs known for interstitial nephritis
cephlosporin penicillin sulfas NSAIDs rifampin phenytoin allopurinol
Alcoholic cerebellar degeneration
Affects vermis
limbs ok, trunk is ataxic
Most common cause glomerulonephritis in adults
IgA nephropathy
hematuria 5 days after URI
normal serum complement
Age of ulcerative colitis
bimodal
second peak is 50-80
ab pain, bloody diarrhea, tenesmus, fecal incontinence
Ankylosing spondylitis
inflamitroy back pain/stiffness
lumbar/ sacral tenderness
↓ ROM
ddx by xray
asc. w/ HLA-B27 (but not specfic or required)
Rx for chemo induced NVD
Serotonin antagonist
ex: ondancetron
Scopolamine
anti-cholinergic
reduces motion sickness
Metoclopramide
Da antagonist
good for refractory vomiting
________ can fxn as a motilin receptor antagonist to help nausea from gastroparesis
erythromycin
Methylnaltrexone
aka gut naloxone
reverse opioid constipation but no systemic absorption
NSAIDS and hematuria
NSAIDs–> papillary necrosis
A general rule of endocrinology diagnostics is?
imaging is performed AFTER biochemical testing
ex insulin like growth factor before pituitary MRI
Vertebral mets
dull, non-radiating, worse at night pain
________ is the most common cause of back pain in people over 60
Lumbar stenosis
Blastomycosis
pulm fungal infection
skin and bone lesions are common
broad based budding yeast
rx: itraconazole/ ampho B
Chronic pulm aspergillosis
> 3 months of wt loss, cough, hemoptysis, fatigue
prior lung disease
ddx by CXR and aspergillus IgG
Esophageal adenocarcinoma
GERD > 20 years
mild dysphagia/ retrosternal discomfort
asymmetric narrowing on barium swallow
