U world 2 Flashcards
reactive lymphadenopathy rx
Empiric antibiotic therapy with observation for 4 weeks
most common organisms are Staphylococcus aureus and group A Streptococcus.
no significant risk of congenital anomalies from SSRI use in pregnancy, except for __________.
paroxetine
Treating the flu
treatment of patients with a clinical picture suggesting influenza is recommended, even if a rapid test is negative.
Fastest rate for 3% saline for hyponatremia
0.5 mEq/ L/ hr
What increases the anion gap
abnormal presence of non-chlorinated acids (unmeasured)
envelope shaped crystals in urine
ethylene glycol poison
Can lead to renal failure
uremic pericarditis ECG
non-specific
will NOT show diffuse st elevation because there is no myocardial inflammation
Diabetic nephropathy renal biopsy
nodular glomerulosclerosis is hallmark
but
diffuse glomerulosclerosis is more common
Most common cause of aortic dissection > 60 yo
htn
what causes primary polycythemia vera
JAK2 mutations
isoniazid and anemia
isoniazid –> B6 antagonist –> sideroblastic anemia
CMV vs EBV mono
CMV no pharyngitis
EBV has pharyngitis
Apraxia
transmission disturbance on the output side, which interferes with skilled movements.
Agnosia
inability to recognize previously familiar sensory input
expressive aphasia
loss of the ability to express language.
Intertrigo
inflammation of skinfolds caused by skin-on-skin friction and is common on opposing cutaneous or mucocutaneous surfaces
Secondary cutaneous bacterial and fungal infections are common complications.
Erythrasma
chronic superficial infection of the intertriginous areas of the skin. The incriminated organism is Corynebacterium minutissimum
chronic paronychia
nail tenderness, erythema, swelling, and retraction of the proximal nail fold. Often the adjacent cuticle is absent.
associated with chronic immersion in water or contact irritant (thumb sucking)
rx for esophageal spasm
CCBs
First line treatment in COPD
antimuscarinic agents (ex ipratropium)
Zinc Deficiency
hypogonadism
impaired taste
alopecia
rash (perioral)
Mitral stenosis and arrythmias
MS often –> A-Fib from atrial dilation
Increased breath sounds
Lobar pneumonia
MI to PCI time
- within 12 hours of pain onset
- 120 minutes at noncardiac facility
- 90 at capable facility
Of the three types of colon adenomas __________ are the most likely to develop into an adenocarcinoma.
villous adenomas
the 3 are: tubular, tubulovillous, and villous
treatments for diabetes mellitus reduces insulin resistance
Pioglitazone- works on PPAR-Y, a receptor that affects several insulin-responsive genes.
this class of drugs inhibits the enzyme responsible for the breakdown of the incretins GLP-1 and GIP.
DPP-IV for DMT2
Papanicolaou testing
is recommended starting at _____
21 years of age.
Testicular cancer screening
Testicular cancer screening, whether by self-examination or as part of the physical examination, is not recommended.
Early sign of CKD
The kidney is the source of erythropoietin,
and anemia generally appears when the GFR falls below 60 mL/minute
Metolazone is?
Thiazide diuretics
Inhibit NaCl reabsorption in early DCT
–> ↓ diluting capacity of nephron.
↓ Ca2+ excretion.
The American Diabetes Association recommends screening all persons older than 45 years old for diabetes ____
every 3 years
fasting glucose is a good test
The diagnosis of diabetes may be made by
- 2 random glucose > 200 mg/dL with s/s
- fasting glucose > 126 mg/dL
- glucose reading > 200 mg/dL 2 hours after a 75-g glucose load.
