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Get ready to rock! > U World 3 > Flashcards

U World 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Takayasu Arteritis

A

large vessel vasculitis

s/s fever, arthralgia, weight loss

Vitals: BP discrepancies/ arterio-occlusive symptoms

rx: steroids

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2
Q

Hemodynamics of hypovolemic shock

A

↑ SVR

↓ CVP, Pulm wedge, CO

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3
Q

Thromboangiitis obliterans

A

burger disease

heavy smokers, superficial thrombophlebitis/ ischemia–> gangrenous digits

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4
Q

Cardiogenic shock hemodynamics

A

↑ PCWP and SVR
↓ CO, BP

*LV dysfunction –> ↑ PCWP and ↓ CO

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5
Q

Elevated levels of _________ ar seen in androgen producing tumors

A

dehydroepiandrosterone

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6
Q

Most common valve involved with infective endocarditis in non drug user

A

Mitral regurg

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7
Q

Most common valve involved in drug user infective endocarditis

A

tricuspid

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8
Q

Reasons for renal salt wasting

A

diuretics
hyperaldosteronism
RTA

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9
Q

Most common form of paroxysmal SVT

A

AV nodal reentrant tachycardia

vagal maneuvers help by slowing AV node conduction and increasing refractory period

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10
Q

A fixed upper airway obstruction flow volume loop

A

Decreased airflow on inspiration and expiration, flat pancake shape

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11
Q

Only this form of COPD has complete reversal with bronchodilators

A

Asthma

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12
Q

Asthma flow volume loop

A

scooped out, shifted left

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13
Q

Why do nitrates help in MIs

A

decreased myocardial oxygen demand

↓ LV volume/ wall stress

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14
Q

Restrictive lung disease flow volume loop

A

Shifts right

tiny size

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15
Q

Vitiligo is caused by?

A

destruction of melanocytes

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16
Q

Exudative effusion from empyema characterized by

A

Low glucose
low pH (<7.2)
High Protein

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17
Q

Transudative effusions

A 
Low protein (under three) 
Glucose and pH normal
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18
Q

Empyema vs uncomplicated parapneumonic effusion

A

empyema will not get better with abx

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19
Q

Characteristic CT finding in PE

A

wedge shaped infarct

infarct can lead to hemoptysis

20
Q

When do HIV pts get PCP

A

CD4 under 200

21
Q

Methemoglobin blood gas

A

false elevated oxygen sats
(but pulse ox will be low)

*large oxygen saturation gap

22
Q

Bartonella skin lesions

A

BAcillary angiomatosis

friable papules / sub q plaques

23
Q

Virus that causes Kaposi sarcoma

A

HSV 8

24
Q

What size of kidney stone is likely to pass spontaneously

A

5 mm

give them 2L hydration daily

25
Q

What happens if someone is B12 deficient and you replace folic acid

A

megaloblastosis corrects, but neuro symptoms rapidly progress

26
Q

Will antipsychotics disrupt the TSH HPA

A

nope, just prolactin ↑

27
Q

Hawthorn effect

A

sample changes their behavior when they know they are being studied

form of bias

28
Q

Beta blockers treat stable angina by

A

↓ HR
↓ Contractility

this leads to ↓ Myocardial oxygen demand

29
Q

dihydropyridines treat angina by?

A
  • coronary artery vasodilation

- arterial vasodilation–> reduced cardiac afterload

30
Q

What body store goes first, folate or b12

A

folate stores are smaller and run out first

31
Q

Orthostatic definition

A

systolic drop > 20
or
diastolic drop > 10

32
Q

Lung cancers that occur in the periphery

A

Adenocarcinoma

Large cell

33
Q

Paraneoplastic syndromes of small cell lung cancer

A

cushing
SIADH
Lambert Eaton

34
Q

Lung cancer with hypercalcemia

A

squamous

35
Q

Tropical Sprue

A

chronic diarrhea of people living in tropical areas

36
Q

Whipples disease symptoms

A 
arthralgias 
weight loss
fever 
diarrhea
ab pain
37
Q

Whipples disease classic biopsy

A

PAS positive stain of lamina propria

38
Q

Zollinger ellison syndrome

A

pancreatic gastrin secreting tumor

dyspepsia, diarrhea, wt loss

39
Q

Metabolic syndrome criteria

A

3/5 of:

waist > 40 inch in men, > 35 in women
fasting sugar > 100
BP> 130/80
TriGlys > 150 
HDL < 40 men, < 50 women
40
Q

Subacute thyroiditis is aka

A

de Quervain

fever, neck pain, tender goiter, following a URI

41
Q

Rx of subacute thyroiditis

A

symptomatic

beta blocker, NSAIDs

42
Q

1st step of management for pleural effusion

A

thoracentesis for exudative vs transudative

43
Q

Chronic venous insufficiency rx

A

elevation, exercise, compression

sodium restriction and HTN control DO NOT help

44
Q

non renal risks of nephrotic syndrome

A

hyperlipidemia
hypercoag

protein loss (including clotting factors) in UA–> liver overproduction of lipids

45
Q

Malignancy in hashimotos

A

primary lymphoma of the thyroid

46
Q

Suppurative thyroiditis

A

infectious thyroid
fever, erythema, and pain at the thyroid
abscess

47
Q

Progressive fibrosis of the thyroid

A

riedel thyroiditis

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