U World 3 Flashcards
Takayasu Arteritis
large vessel vasculitis
s/s fever, arthralgia, weight loss
Vitals: BP discrepancies/ arterio-occlusive symptoms
rx: steroids
Hemodynamics of hypovolemic shock
↑ SVR
↓ CVP, Pulm wedge, CO
Thromboangiitis obliterans
burger disease
heavy smokers, superficial thrombophlebitis/ ischemia–> gangrenous digits
Cardiogenic shock hemodynamics
↑ PCWP and SVR
↓ CO, BP
*LV dysfunction –> ↑ PCWP and ↓ CO
Elevated levels of _________ ar seen in androgen producing tumors
dehydroepiandrosterone
Most common valve involved with infective endocarditis in non drug user
Mitral regurg
Most common valve involved in drug user infective endocarditis
tricuspid
Reasons for renal salt wasting
diuretics
hyperaldosteronism
RTA
Most common form of paroxysmal SVT
AV nodal reentrant tachycardia
vagal maneuvers help by slowing AV node conduction and increasing refractory period
A fixed upper airway obstruction flow volume loop
Decreased airflow on inspiration and expiration, flat pancake shape
Only this form of COPD has complete reversal with bronchodilators
Asthma
Asthma flow volume loop
scooped out, shifted left
Why do nitrates help in MIs
decreased myocardial oxygen demand
↓ LV volume/ wall stress
Restrictive lung disease flow volume loop
Shifts right
tiny size
Vitiligo is caused by?
destruction of melanocytes
Exudative effusion from empyema characterized by
Low glucose
low pH (<7.2)
High Protein
Transudative effusions
Low protein (under three) Glucose and pH normal
Empyema vs uncomplicated parapneumonic effusion
empyema will not get better with abx
Characteristic CT finding in PE
wedge shaped infarct
infarct can lead to hemoptysis
When do HIV pts get PCP
CD4 under 200
Methemoglobin blood gas
false elevated oxygen sats
(but pulse ox will be low)
*large oxygen saturation gap
Bartonella skin lesions
BAcillary angiomatosis
friable papules / sub q plaques
Virus that causes Kaposi sarcoma
HSV 8
What size of kidney stone is likely to pass spontaneously
5 mm
give them 2L hydration daily
What happens if someone is B12 deficient and you replace folic acid
megaloblastosis corrects, but neuro symptoms rapidly progress
Will antipsychotics disrupt the TSH HPA
nope, just prolactin ↑
Hawthorn effect
sample changes their behavior when they know they are being studied
form of bias
Beta blockers treat stable angina by
↓ HR
↓ Contractility
this leads to ↓ Myocardial oxygen demand
dihydropyridines treat angina by?
- coronary artery vasodilation
- arterial vasodilation–> reduced cardiac afterload
What body store goes first, folate or b12
folate stores are smaller and run out first
Orthostatic definition
systolic drop > 20
or
diastolic drop > 10
Lung cancers that occur in the periphery
Adenocarcinoma
Large cell
Paraneoplastic syndromes of small cell lung cancer
cushing
SIADH
Lambert Eaton
Lung cancer with hypercalcemia
squamous
Tropical Sprue
chronic diarrhea of people living in tropical areas
Whipples disease symptoms
arthralgias weight loss fever diarrhea ab pain
Whipples disease classic biopsy
PAS positive stain of lamina propria
Zollinger ellison syndrome
pancreatic gastrin secreting tumor
dyspepsia, diarrhea, wt loss
Metabolic syndrome criteria
3/5 of:
waist > 40 inch in men, > 35 in women fasting sugar > 100 BP> 130/80 TriGlys > 150 HDL < 40 men, < 50 women
Subacute thyroiditis is aka
de Quervain
fever, neck pain, tender goiter, following a URI
Rx of subacute thyroiditis
symptomatic
beta blocker, NSAIDs
1st step of management for pleural effusion
thoracentesis for exudative vs transudative
Chronic venous insufficiency rx
elevation, exercise, compression
sodium restriction and HTN control DO NOT help
non renal risks of nephrotic syndrome
hyperlipidemia
hypercoag
protein loss (including clotting factors) in UA–> liver overproduction of lipids
Malignancy in hashimotos
primary lymphoma of the thyroid
Suppurative thyroiditis
infectious thyroid
fever, erythema, and pain at the thyroid
abscess
Progressive fibrosis of the thyroid
riedel thyroiditis
