UTI

Question 1

What host factors can increase risk of UTI?

Answer 1

Shorter urethra
Obstruction
Neurological problems
Ureteric reflex

Question 2

What can cause obstruction?

Answer 2

Caculi 
Hypertrophy 
BPH 
Prostate cancer 
Urethral stricture

Question 3

What bacterial factors can increase risk of UTI?

Answer 3

Fimbriae - allow attachment to epithelium
Haemolysins - damage host membranes
K antigen - production of polysaccharide capsule
Urease - breaks down urea = favourable growth environment

Question 4

What is the most common UTI causing bacteria?

Answer 4

E.coli

Question 5

What is cystitis?

Answer 5

Lower UTI

Question 6

What are the symptoms of cystitis?

Answer 6

Dysuria
Frequency
Urgency

Question 7

What is pyelonephritis?

Answer 7

Upper UTI

Question 8

What are the symptoms of pyelonephritis?

Answer 8

Fever
Loin pain
Dysuria

Question 9

What is an uncomplicated UTI?

Answer 9

Infection by a usual organism in a patient with a normal urinary tract and normal urinary function

Question 10

What is a complicated UTI?

Answer 10

UTI when one or more factors are present that predispose the person to persistent/recurrent infection

Question 11

What can cause a complicated UTI?

Answer 11

Abnormal urinary tract
Virulent organism
Impaired host defences
Impaired renal function

Question 12

How are UTIs investigated?

Answer 12

MSU
Urine dip
Urine culture

Question 13

How is cystitis managed?

Answer 13

Trimethoprim

3 days = uncomplicated
5-7 days = complicated

Question 14

How is pyelonephritis managed?

Answer 14

14 days co-amoxiclav