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Urinary System > GFR + Filtration > Flashcards

GFR + Filtration Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 types of nephron?

A

Cortical nephron

Juxtamedullary nephron

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2
Q

Where are cortical nephrons found?

A

Outer part of cortex

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3
Q

Where are juxtamedullary nephrons found?

A

Inner part of cortex - next to medulla

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4
Q

Which nephron has a longer loop of Henle?

A

Juxtamedullary

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5
Q

What does the efferent arteriole go to form in a cortical nephron?

A

Peritubular capillary

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6
Q

What does the afferent arteriole go to form in a juxtamedullary nephron?

A

Vasa recta

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7
Q

Which nephron type are there more of?

A

Cortical

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8
Q

What percentage of blood at glomerulus is filtered?

A

20%

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9
Q

What is does the glomerulus filter out?

A

Keeps large proteins and cells in blood

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10
Q

What size do molcules have to be to be filtered by glomerulus?

A

<1.48nm

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11
Q

What charge is the glomerulus more permeable to?

A

Positive

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12
Q

What happens to the afferent arteriole if BP increases?

A

Constricts

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13
Q

What happens to the afferent arteriole if BP decreases?

A

Dilates

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14
Q

What is tubuloglomerular feedback?

A

Mechanism that links NaCl concentration at the macula densa with control of renal arteriolar resistance

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15
Q

What are the 2 components of tubuloglomerular feedback?

A

Afferent arteriole resistance

Efferent arteriolar feedback

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16
Q

What does tubuloglomerular feedback control?

A

Distal solute deliver - so tubular reabsorption

17
Q

Where are macular densa cells found?

A

DCT

18
Q

What is the tubuloglomerular feedback response if NaCl increases?

A

GFR needs to decrease

Adenosine released

  • vasoconstriction of AA via A1 receptors
  • vasodilation of EA via A2 receptors

Reduces pressure gradient across glomerulus
Slows GFR

19
Q

How do A1 receptors work?

A

Increase concentration of intracellular calcium

20
Q

What is the tubuloglomerular feedback response if NaCl decreases?

A

GFR needs to increase

Prostagland release - causes vasodilation of AA

21
Q

What autonomic fibres innervate the AA + EA?

A

Sympathetic fibres

Urinary System (20 decks)

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