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D&T 4 exam 1 > Uterus, fallopian tubes > Flashcards

Uterus, fallopian tubes Flashcards

1
Q

when does proliferative phase occur

A

end of menses till ovulation

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2
Q

what hormone is predominates the proliferative phase

A

estrogen

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3
Q

glandular mitosis occurs in what phase

A

proliferative phase

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4
Q

what does basal vacuolation mean

A

ovulation

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5
Q

histo for secretory phase

A

subnuclear vacuoles

tortuous glands

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6
Q

most common cause of dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB)

A

anovulatory cycle

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7
Q

why would anovulatory cycle cause dysfunctional uterine bleeding

A

prolonged estrogen without development of progesterone phase

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8
Q

what is inadequate luteal phase

A

corpus luteum does put out enough progesterone

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9
Q

how do you diagnose inadequate luteal phase

A

perform bx after ovulation

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10
Q

when is acute endometritis seen?

A

after delivery or miscarriage

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11
Q

what is seen in histo for acute endometritis

A

microabscesses

glandular epithelium

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12
Q

who can get chronic endometritis

A

chronic PID
postpartum/postabortion
intrauterine contraceptive devices
pts with TB

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13
Q

hist what is seen in chronic endometritis

A

plasma cells in endometrium

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14
Q

What is endometriosis

A

endometrial glands and stroma in abnormal locations outside the uterus

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15
Q

what are 3 theoreis for endometriosis

A
  1. regurgitation theory: retrograde menses
  2. metaplastic theory: may arise directly from coelemic
  3. lymphvascular: spread through pelvic vessels
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16
Q

what is the gross image of endometriosis

A

little powder burn marks

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17
Q

histo for endometriosis

A

collection of endometrial glands and stroma

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18
Q

Endometriosis in ovary is also called what

A

chocolate cyst

endometrioma

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19
Q

what is endometrial polyps

A

polypoid mass occurs in endometrium

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20
Q

what are 2 types of endometrial polyps

A
  1. contains functional endometrium

2. contains cystic, hyperplastic epithelium

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21
Q

hist for endometrial polup

A

multiple dilated endometrial glands

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22
Q

What is a cause of excessive uterine bleeding

A

endometrial hyperplasia

23
Q

what causes endometrial hyperplasia

A

prolonged estrogen stimulation

24
Q

What are 4 associated condition with endometrial hyperplasia

A
  1. menoapuse
  2. polycystic ovarian disease
  3. excessive ovarian cortical function
  4. prolonged estrogen replacement therapy
25
Q

What gene is deleted in endometrial hyperplasia

A

PTEN

26
Q

What happens when PTEN is inactivated

A

endometrial cells become more sensitive to stimulation to by estrogen

27
Q

what type of endometrial hyperplasia has increased gland to stromal ratio and cyst formation

A

simple hyperplasia

28
Q

what type of endometrial hyperplasia has increased glands with more crowding, enlargement and cytologic atypia

A

complex hyperplasia

29
Q

what is atypical complex hyperplasia

A

cytologic atypia

30
Q

how is complex hyperplasia treated

A

hysterectomy

31
Q

histo for simple hyperplasia

A

increased number of simple dilated glands

32
Q

histo for complex hyperplasia

A

infolding and complex gland

33
Q

histo for atypical hyperplasia

A

increase glands and complex glands

- nuclear features

34
Q

What is the most common invasive carcinoma of female genital tract

A

endometrial carcinoma

35
Q

what are risk factors for endometrial carcinoma

A
  • estrogen
  • obesity
  • nulliparous
  • hypertension
  • diabetes
36
Q

what type of endometrial carcinoma has favorable prognosis

A
  • prolonged estrogen stimulation
37
Q

what is non associated excessive estrogen endometrial carcinoma resemble

A

adenocarcinoma in ovary

- papillary serous

38
Q

gross appearance of endometrial carcinoma

A

thickened endometrium

polypoid mass

39
Q

microscopic appearance of endometrial carcinoma

A

Adenocarcinoma : papillary serous

40
Q

What happens in stage 1 endometrial carcinoma

A

confined to uterus

41
Q

how might endometrial carcinoma present

A

asymptomatic

my see bleeding

42
Q

what is leiomyomas? what else is it called

A

benign tumor

fibriods

43
Q

gross appearance of leiomyomas

A
  • well-circumscribed firm white masses
44
Q

histo for leiomyomas

A

whorled bundles of bland muscle with low

-mitotic count

45
Q

clinical symptoms for leiomyomas

A

asymptomatic

- associated with abnormal bleeding, urinary frequency, pain, impaired fertility

46
Q

Leiomyosarcoms arises from what layer

A

myometrium

47
Q

gross apperance of leiomyosarcoma

A
  • bulky fleshy mass within wall
  • ## poypoid mass
48
Q

histo for leiomyosarcoma

A
  • increased mitotic rate

- cytologic atypia

49
Q

where can leiomyosarcoma spread

A

lung, bone, brain

50
Q

Name a fallopian tube infection? what cuauses it?

A
  • suppurative salpingitis

- gonococcus

51
Q

what is a benign lesion of the fallopian tube

A

endometriosis

52
Q

what are paratubal cysts

A

small to prominent cysts hanging off fallopian tubes

53
Q

another name for paratubal cysts

A

hydatid cyst of morgagni

54
Q

prognosis for fallopian tube adenocarcinoma

A

poor

D&T 4 exam 1 (17 decks)

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