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D&T 4 exam 1 > Breast Pathology > Flashcards

Breast Pathology Flashcards

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1
Q

epithelium layer of nipple and areola, what does it change into while entering breast?

A
  • stratified squamous

- double layer cuboidal

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2
Q

breast development at menarche

A

terminal ducts give rise to lobules and increased interlobular stroma

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3
Q

breast development in follicular phase

A

lobules quescient

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4
Q

breast development in luteal phase

A

cell proliferation with increased acini/lobule

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5
Q

breast development in pregnancy

A

breast assumes complete morphologic and functional maturity

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6
Q

Milk line remnants

A

persistence of epidermal thickening along milk line

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7
Q

Accessory axillary breast tissue

A

mastectomy may not remove all breast tissue

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8
Q

congenital inversion of nipple

A

nursing difficulties and can be confused with inversion due to carcinoma or inflammation

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9
Q

macromastia

A

severe back pain

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10
Q

reconstruction or augmentation

A

formation of capsule with inflammatory response causing cosmetic deformity and difficulty in mammographic evaluation

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11
Q

what are the 3 most common symptoms of breast disease

A
  1. pain
  2. palpable mass
  3. nipple discharge
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12
Q

what are 2 principal signs for mammographic screening

A
  1. densities

2. calcifications

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13
Q

who is vulnerable to acute mastitis

A

nursing breasts

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14
Q

what is the most common cause of acute mastitis

A

staph aureus

less common - strep

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15
Q

treatment for acute mastitis

A

drainage and antibiotic

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16
Q

Periductal mastitis

A

painful eythermatous subareolar mass

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17
Q

who is most likely to get periductal mastitis

A

smokers

18
Q

what is histo for periductal mastitis

A

keratinizing squamous extends

-keratin accumulates dilating and rupturing duct

19
Q

treatment for periductal mastitis? problems

A
  • incision and drainage
  • does not remove squamous epithelium which can cause recurrence
  • remove duct and fistulous tract
20
Q

who does mammary duct ectasia occur in

A

5th to 6th decade in multiparous women

21
Q

how does mammary duct ectasia present

A

poorly defined mass, skin retraction, cheesy discharge

22
Q

what is the morphology of mammary duct ectasia

A
  • periductal and interstitial chronic granulomatous inflammation
23
Q

what are 3 incidences that can cause fat necrosis

A

trauma
prior surgical intervention
radiation therapy

24
Q

gross morphology for fat necrosis ? early and late?

A

early: hemorrhage
late: liquefaction necrosis

25
Q

histo for fat necrosis

A

central necrotic fat cells surrounded by lipid laden macrophages and intense neutrophilic infiltrate

26
Q

etiology for granulomatous mastitis

A
  • systemic granulomatous disease (wegner’s)

- infections

27
Q

morphology gross for granulomatous mastitis

A

granulomas in lobular epithelium

28
Q

who gets granulomatous mastitis

A
  • parous women
29
Q

what is lymphocytic mastopathy

A

hard palpable masses

- collagenized stroma surrounding atrophic ducts and lobules

30
Q

what are 3 groups for benign epithelial lesions

A
  1. non-proliferative
  2. proliferative
  3. atypical hyperplasia
31
Q

what can cause non-proliferative breast changes

A

hormonal imbalance

  • increase estrogen OR
  • decreased progesterone
32
Q

what are 3 patterns seen in non-proliferative breast changes

A
  1. cyst formation
  2. fibrosis
  3. adenosis
33
Q

unopened cysts in non-proliferative breast changes lookl ike what

A

“blue dome cyst”

34
Q

non-proliferative breast changes the cysts can cause what metaplasia

A

aprocrine metaplasia

35
Q

apocrine metaplasia

A

lining cells have abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm resemebling sweat glands

36
Q

what causes fibrosis in non-proliferative breast changes

A

rupture of cyst and release of contents resulting in inflammation

37
Q

what is adenosis

A

increase in number of acinar units per lobule

-calcifications can be seen

38
Q

what is it called if lumens enlarged in adenosis

A

blunt duct adenosis

39
Q

What is proliferative breast disease without atypia

A

proliferation of ductal epithelium and/or stroma without cellular abnormalities suggestive of malignancy

40
Q

What are 5 parts of proliferative breast disease without atypia

A

1 epithelial hyperplasia

  1. sclerosing adenosis
  2. complex sclerosing lesion (radial scar)
  3. papillomas
  4. fibroadenomas

D&T 4 exam 1 (17 decks)

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