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Histo > Uterus, Cervix, Vagina > Flashcards

Uterus, Cervix, Vagina Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of uterus​

A
  • Proper environment for implantation
  • Proper environment for fetal development
  • Expels fetus
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2
Q

Define endometrium, myometrium, and perimetrium.

What kind of cell lines the endometrium?

A
  • Endometrium = mucosa
    • lined by simple columnar epithelium
  • Myometrium = muscularis
  • Perimetrium = Serosa/adventitia
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3
Q

Label

A
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4
Q

Myometrium

A

Huge bundles of smooth muscle interlaced with collagen fibers

3 layers, but middle circular layer is the thickest and contains arcuate arteries

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5
Q

Estrogen, progesterone, relaxin, and oxytocin on the myometrium

A
  • Estrogen:
    • ​proliferates
    • maintains/increases contractility
    • formation of gap jxns
  • Progesterone: decrease contractility
  • Relaxin: increase uterine contractions
  • Oxytocin: stimulates uterine contractions
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6
Q

Layers of endometrium

A

Stratum functionale: this is what gets lost in mesnes

Stratum basale

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7
Q

Menstrual phase

A
  • Shedding of the funcitonal layer
  • Glands: short, collapsed
  • Stroma: leukocytes and red blood cells
    • Due to breakdown of vasculature
  • Columnar epithelium
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8
Q

What phase is this endometrium in?

A

Menstrual phase (days 1-5)

Disrupted stratum functionale; red blood cells

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9
Q

Proliferative phase (days 5-14)

A
  • Thickness goes from 1 –> 4mm
  • Narrow & straight glands, but no secretions
  • Proliferating stroma, w/ no leukocytes
  • Columnar epithelium
  • Lots of mitoses
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10
Q

What phase is this endometrium in?

A

Proliferative (days 5-14)

  • straight & narrow glands w simple columnar epithelium
  • columnar epithelium at top
  • stroma in between
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11
Q

Secretory phase (days 15-26)

A
  • Thickness: 4-6mm
  • Glands: wide, sacculated, secretory
    • Glycogen rich secretions essentials for survival and development of the embryo
  • Stroma: edematous, no leukocytes
  • Tall columnar epithelium
  • Mitoses only in coiled / helical arteries
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12
Q

What phase is this endometrium in?

A

Secretory phase (days 15-26)

wide, sacculated, curvy glands

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13
Q

What phase is this endometrium in?

A

Secretory phase ( days 15- 26 )

wide, sacculated glands

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14
Q

Premenstrual phase (days 27-28)

A
  • Thickness: 4-5mm
  • Glands: wide, irregular in outline
  • Stroma: dense, leukocytes, RBCs
  • Columnar epithelium
  • Absent mitoses
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15
Q

What phases of the endometrium are these?

A
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16
Q

Functions of cervix

A
  • At ovulation: Secretes watery mucus to help sperm into uterus
  • Other times & during pregnancy: Secretes viscous mucus to prevent sperm and microorganisms entering the tuerus
17
Q

When would cervical mucous be the most abundant and watery?

A

At ovulation (mid-cycle) to promote survival and transport of sperm through cervical canal.

Note: this is under the control of estrogen

18
Q

Components of cervix wall

A
  • Mucosa:
    • Simple columnar epithelium
      • Transitions to stratified squamous outside the external os
    • Lamina propria (more fibrous than cellular)
    • Branched, tubular glands lined by simple columnar epithelium
    • Nabothian cysts: mucus retention in gland
  • Muscularis - dense collagenous c.t. w elastic & smooth muscle fibers
  • Adventitia
19
Q

In the cervix, the mucosa transitions from __ to __ epithelium at the __

A

Simple columnar to stratified squamous at the external os

20
Q

What is this

A

Cervix’s nabothian cyst: mucus got stuck in the gland

21
Q

What is this?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium of cervix outside the external os

22
Q

Cervical glands are lined with __ epithelium

A
23
Q

Pap smear

A

Swabbing the stratified squamous epithelium in the cervix to check for cervical carcinoma (frequently observed, but low mortality due to early detection)

cervical cancer most often caused by hpv 16

24
Q

Hormonal regulation of the cervix

A
  • Estradiol -> produce watery mucous (lysozyme)
  • Progesterone -> viscous mucous
  • Relaxin: softening of the cervix by lysis of collagen during parturition
    • Produced by corpus luteum & placenta
25
Q

Vagina funcitons

A

excretory duct for uterus

organ of copulation

birth canal

26
Q

Structure of vagina

A
27
Q

What is this

A

Vagina

  • stratified squamous epithelium of mucosa
  • blood & vasculature in the lamina propria and muscularis
  • outer, thick adventitia
28
Q

What hormone stimulates the basal cells to produce that stratified squamous epithelium?

A

estradiol

29
Q

Hormonal regulation of vagina

A
30
Q

E & P on oviducts, uterus, vagina

A
31
Q

Carcinoma of the cervix originates from

A

Stratified squamous NONkeratinized epithelial cells.

Can be contained in the epithelium and not invade the underlying stroma OR penetrate the basal lamina and metastasize to toher parts of the body (invasive)

Usu caught by pap smear –> surgery

32
Q

Endometriosis

A

Endomterial tissu eexists in the pelvic peritoneal cavity

  • ASsociated w hormone-induced changes -> pain, cysts, adhesions
  • May lead to sterility bc deformed ovaries & oviducts
    *

Histo (20 decks)

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