Urology - Stones Flashcards
1
Q
name for stones?
A
nephrolithiasis
2
Q
which 3 places do stones usually form?
A
pelviuteric junction
pelvic brim
vesicouteric junction
3
Q
risk factors for nephrolithiasis?
A
obese dehydrated male Hx Vit C/D Abx HIV meds
4
Q
features of nephrolithiasis?
A
loin to groin pain N+V bladder irritability genital pain pelvic pain UTI features
5
Q
what are nephrolithiasis commonly made of?
A
calcium oxalate
urate
struvite (infection)
6
Q
what complication of the kidney can occur due to nephrolithiasis?
A
hydronephrosis
7
Q
Ix for nephrolithiasis?
A
urinalysis
non contrast CT KUB
8
Q
what bloods should be done for nephrolithiasis? what are you looking for?
A
FBC (infection) U+Es, creatinine Ca (hyperparathyroidism) PO4 urate (gout)
9
Q
Tx for nephrolithiasis?
A
fluid
pain control
stone removal
10
Q
what are the criteria for stone removal?
A
<2cm - lithotripsy
<2cm and pregnant - ureteroscopy
> - percutaneous nephrolithotomy
if any hydronephrosis - nephrostomy
