ENT - Tumours

Question 1

what is an acoustic neuroma? other name?

Answer 1

tumour from the vestibular component of CNVIII

vestivular schwannoma

Question 2

what do schwan cells do?

Answer 2

produce myelin sheath round axons

Question 3

who gets acoustic neuromas?

Answer 3

NF2 (bilateral)

Question 4

features of acoustic neuromas?

Answer 4

hearing loss
facial numbness
tinnitus
vertigo
nystagmus
cerebellar signs 
SN hearing loss

Question 5

Ix for acoustic neuromas?

Answer 5

audiogram (SN hearing loss. -no gap)

CT

Question 6

risk factors for nasal SCC?

Answer 6

far east
M
EBV
smoking
wood dust

Question 7

risk factors for oropharyngeal SCC?

Answer 7

smoker

alcohol

Question 8

features of neck/oropharyngeal SCC?

Answer 8

pain 
hoarse
numb
earache
lumps
speech change
dysphagia
episaxis
irritated with food

Question 9

Ix for neck/oropharyngeal SCC?

Answer 9

MRI with STIR

Question 10

risk factors for laryngeal tumours?

Answer 10

smoking
alcohol
HPV 16
cannabis

Question 11

features of laryngeal tumours?

Answer 11

laryngeal nerve palsy
stridor
pain on swallowing
haemoptysis

Question 12

Ix for laryngeal tumours?

Answer 12

laryngoscopy
biopsy
MRI with STIR

Question 13

Tx for laryngeal tumours?

Answer 13

radiotherapy

laryngectomy

Question 14

what is the Ix for neck lumps?

Answer 14

FNA

US ± biopsy

Question 15

what lumps occur in the posterior triangle of the neck? features?

Answer 15

lymphadenopathy

soft
multiple
tender

Question 16

where do brachial cysts occur?

Answer 16

anterior triangle

under SCM

Question 17

where do cystic hygromas occur? featureds?

Answer 17

anterior triangle

transilluminate

Question 18

what lumps can occur submandibularly?

Answer 18

lymphadenopahy

salivary stone/tumour/infection

Question 19

what lumps can occur in the midline?

Answer 19

dermoid cyst

thyroglossal cyst

Question 20

features of a thyroglossal cyst?

Answer 20

midline
moves on swallowing
moves on tongue protrusion