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Anatomy > Urogenital System > Flashcards

Urogenital System Flashcards

1
Q

What 4 organs make up the urogenital system

A

Kidneys; ureters; bladder; urethra

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2
Q

What is the function of kidneys

A

Filter blood to create urine

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3
Q

What gland is at the apex of the kidney

A

Supra-renal

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4
Q

What rib does the apex of the left (right) kidney sit under

A

11 (12; due to the presence of the liver)

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5
Q

Where does urine exit out of the kidney

A

Through the ureter

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6
Q

What blood vessels supply and drain the kidney

A

Renal artery and renal vein

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7
Q

What is the hilum

A

The entrance/exit to the kidney

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8
Q

What is the piece of kidney called directly underneath the capsule

A

The cortex

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9
Q

What is the innermost part of the kidney called

A

The medulla

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10
Q

Describe the pathway of urine exiting the kidney

A

Medulla; calyces; minor calyx; major calyx; renal pelvis; ureter

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11
Q

What is the ureter

A

Smooth muscle tube passing from the renal pelvis to the urinary bladder

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12
Q

Where are the 3 constrictions in the ureter

A

Ureteropelvic junction; crossing pelvic brim; entry to bladder

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13
Q

Where do the ureters enter the bladder

A

At the trigone

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14
Q

What drains the bladder

A

Urethra

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15
Q

What lines the bladder

A

Transitional epithelium

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16
Q

What is the urethra

A

A muscle tube that passes from the pelvic cavity into the perineum

17
Q

Describe how urinary stones are formed

A

Uric acid can turn into crystallised structures; calculi

18
Q

What are the 4 organs of the female reproductive system

A

Ovaries; uterine (fallopian) tubes; uterus; vagina

19
Q

Where does fertilisation of the ovum take place

A

Within the uterine tube; implantation occurs in the uterus

20
Q

What ligament covers the uterus

A

Peritoneum; the broad ligament

21
Q

What are the 3 layers of the uterus (start with the outermost)

A

Perimetrium; myometrium; endometrium

22
Q

What does the vagina pass through

A

Pelvic floor (urogenital diaphragm) and into the perineum

23
Q

What are the 5 organs of the male reproductive system

A

Testes; vas deferens; seminal vesicles; prostate gland; penis

24
Q

What do the testes descend through

A

Inguinal canal, into the scrotum

25
Q

What is the function of the vas deferens

A

Carries sperm from the testis to the ejaculatory duct in the prostate gland

26
Q

Why can’t spermatogenesis take place within the abdominal cavity

A

It is too warm

27
Q

What are the seminal vesicles and what is their function

A

Pair of simple tubular glands and release fluid to support the sperm

28
Q

What is formed when the vas deferens join the duct of the seminal vesicles

A

The ejaculatory duct

29
Q

What does the ejaculatory duct join with

A

The prostatic urethra

30
Q

What does the male urethra unite

A

The reproductive and urinary systems

Anatomy (20 decks)

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