Musculoskeletal System

Question 1

What are the 3 main functions of bone

Answer 1

Supports the body; facilitates movement; protects internal organs

Question 2

What does the appendicular skeleton contain

Answer 2

This contains the accessory bits of bone (limbs etc)

Question 3

What does the axial skeleton contain

Answer 3

The bones of the head and the trunk of the vertebrae

Question 4

What are the 5 classifications of bone

Answer 4

Short; long; sesamoid; flat; irregular

Question 5

What is the epiphysis of a long bone

Answer 5

The rounded end at its joint with adjacent bone(s)

Question 6

What is the diaphysis of a long bone

Answer 6

The shaft/central part

Question 7

What is the medullary cavity of bone

Answer 7

Central cavity of bone shafts where bone marrow (red and/yellow) is stored

Question 8

What is the outer layer of bone called

Answer 8

Periosteum; compact bone

Question 9

What is the internal tissue of bones called

Answer 9

Trabecular; loose, spongy cancellous bone

Question 10

What is the process of repair in a fracture

Answer 10

Haematoma; cartilage; callus; bone

Question 11

What is a haematoma

Answer 11

This is a collection of blood cells

Question 12

What are the 3 classifications of joints

Answer 12

Fibrous; cartilaginous; synovial

Question 13

How are fibrous joints connected, and do they move

Answer 13

Via fibrous connective tissue, they have no joint cavity and so do not move

Question 14

How are cartilaginous joints connected, and do they move

Answer 14

Entirely by cartilage and allow some movement

Question 15

How are synovial joints connected, and what do they contain

Answer 15

Joint by fibrous joint capsule and contains synovial fluid; allows free movement

Question 16

What are the 3 functions of muscle

Answer 16

Movement; posture and body support; heat production

Question 17

What are the 3 histological types of muscle

Answer 17

Skeletal (striated and voluntary); cardiac (striated and involuntary); smooth (non-striated and involuntary)

Question 18

What are the 3 architectural forms of muscle

Answer 18

Fusiform; broad sheet; pennate (uni, bi and multi)

Question 19

Example of fusiform muscle

Answer 19

Bicep

Question 20

Example of broad sheet muscle

Answer 20

Core

Question 21

Example of pennate muscle

Answer 21

Deltoid

Question 22

Describe the structure of pennate muscle

Answer 22

Contain fascicles that attach obliquely (slanting position) to its tendon