The Skull Flashcards
How many bones is the skull comprised of
22 bones, plus 1 hyoid bone
What are the 2 distinct regions of the skull
Neurocranium and viscerocranium
What does the neurocranium consist of
A base and a vault with sides and roof
What does the upper part of the viscerocranium form
Orbits and nose
What does the lower part of the viscerocranium form
Jaws; also called mandible
List the 6 type of bones that form the neurocranium
Frontal; Temporal (2); Occipital; Parietal (2); Sphenoid; Ethmoid
List the 9 type of bones that form the viscerocranium
Zygomatic (2); Maxilla (2); Nasal (2); Palatine (2); Lacrimal (2); Inferior Nasal Concha (2); Mandible; Vomer; Hyoid
What are buttresses
Reinforced pathways through the skull
At what age does the anterior fontanelle close
By 18-24 months
What direction is labial
Towards lips
What direction is buccal
Towards cheeks
What direction is lingual
Towards tongue
How many teeth do we have
32
Split the teeth up into their groups
8 incisors; 4 canines; 8 premolars; 12 molars
How many facial muscles are responsible for masticatory movements (chewing)
4
What muscles elevate the mandible
Masseter; temporalis; medial pterygoid
What muscle depresses the mandible
Lateral pterygoid
What muscles change the shape of the tongue
Intrinsic muscles
What muscles change the position of the tongue
Extrinsic muscles
What are the 5 layers that make up the scalp
S(kin); C(onnective tissue); A(poneurosis); L(oose connective tissue); P(ericranium - a periostium)
Name the first 6 cranial nerves (CN1-CN6)
Olfactory; optic; oculomotor; trochlear; trigeminal; abducent
Name the last 6 cranial nerves (CN7-CN12)
Facial; vestibulocochlear; glossopharyngeal; vagus; (spinal) accessory; hypoglossal
Where do the eyes sit in the skull
A bony socket called the orbit
How many and what muscles are involved in the movement of the eye
6 extrinsic muscles
What cranial nerves are involved in the movement of the eye
CN3, CN4 and CN6
What are the 3 regions of the ear
External ear, middle ear and inner ear
Name the 3 ear ossicles
Malleus; incus; stapes
