Urogenital III Flashcards
Female Genital Organs
- broad ligament
- ovaries
- uterine tube
- uterus
- vagina
- vestibule
- vulva
- clitoris
- blood supply
Broad ligament
- paired, double folds of peritoneum
- attaches ovaries, uterine tube, and uterus to dorsolateral walls of abdominal caivty and lateral walls of pelvic cavity
- also contains vessels and nerves to the genitalia and fat
- has three regions
3 regions of the broad ligament
- mesovarium = ovary
- mesosalpinx = uterine tube
- mesometrium =uterus
mesovarium
attaches ovary to dorsolateral region of abdominal wall
mesosalpinx
extends laterally from mesovarium and attaches the uterine tube
ovarian bursa
mesovarium and mesosalpinx form a small pouch enclosing the ovary
mesometrium
continuous with the mesovarium and attaches the uterine horns and uterine body
Round ligament of uterus
-fibrous cord that runs in the free border of laterally extended mesometrium from ovary to inguinal canal
Where are round ligaments always located?
In the free border
suspensory ligament of ovary
runs from middle and ventral thirds of 12th and/or 13th rib to ventral aspect of ovary
Proper ligament of ovary
caudal continuation of suspensory ligament of the ovary attaching the ovary to the uterine horn
What ligament is broken during a spay/
suspensory ligament of ovary
Ovary
- female gonad
- produces oocyte
- also endocrine gland = estrogen and progesterone
- lies caudal to kidney
extremities:
- tubal extremity
- uterine extremity
borders:
- free border
- mesovarian border
smooth in appearance before estrus; rough and nodular in multiparous bitches
Uterine tube
- AKA fallopian tube or salpinx
- transports oocytes to uterus
Fimbriae in the uterine tube
finger like projections extending from the infundibulum that caputure an ovulated oocyte
infundibulum (female)
- thin walled funnel with small opening called abdominal ostium that leads into tubular part
- site of fertilization
Where is the site of fertilization?
Infundibulum
uterine ostium
opening of uterine tube into the horm of uterus, externally at the tubouterine junction
Uterus
- transports sperm to uterine tube; conduction, implantation, and nourishment of the developing young
- Y-shaped, communicates with uterine tubes cranially and the vagina caudally
3 parts
- horns (2)
- body
- cervix
Uterine Horns
- left and right horns are same size
- connected to ovary by proper ligament of ovary
- located in abdominal cavity
- peritoneum unites the 2 horns for a short distance before converging to form uterine body
- internally partition is called uterine velum
- open separately into uterine body
Uterine Body
- located in both abdominal and pelvic cavity
- simple muscular tube of varying length
Cervix
- most caudal part of uterus
- lies diagonally (obliquely) across uterovaginal juncion
- lumen of cervix, cervical canal, is narrow and extends from internal uterine orifice to external uterine orifice
Vagina
- dilatable canal extending from uterus to vestibule
- very long in dogs
- most of it is retroperitoneal (only cranial part is covered by peritoneum)
- longitudinal folds that have transverse folds = ability to enlarge in both diameter and length
vaginal fornix
cranial part of vagina that extends cranial to cervix
vestibule
- connects vagina with external genital opening, the vulva
- urethral tubercle = a ridge-like projection on cranioventral wall, contains external urethral orifice
- no mucosal folds
- vestibular bulb = a nodular erective tissue on each lateral wall
What does the external genitalia include?
- vulva
- clitoris
- urethra
vulva
- lies caudal to vestibule
- consists of two lips, labii, joined dorsally and ventrally by commissures and separated by a narrow cleft, rima pudendi
clitoris
- homologue of male penis
- located in the floor of the vestibule near the vulva
Consists of:
- pair of crura
- body
- glans = projects into fossa clitoridis
- os clitoridis can be present
Blood supply for female repro tract
Ovarian artery
- uterine branch
- tubal branch
Internal Pudendal artery
- vaginal artery
- uterine artery
- artery of the clitoris
- artery of the vestibular bulb
