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Gross Anatomy 1 > Thorax and Contents Part 2 > Flashcards

Thorax and Contents Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are sternal ribs?

A

Ribs that attach to the strernum (ribs 1-9)

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2
Q

What are asternal ribs?

A

caudal to the sternum, (ribs 10-13)

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3
Q

Costal arch

A

united costal cartilages of ribs 10-12

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4
Q

What is the floating rib?

A

13th rib, fails to make contact with costal arch, instead ends freely in flank

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5
Q

Boundaries of Thoracic Cavity

A 
Cranial - Thoracic Inlet
Dorsal - Thoracic Vertebral bodies
Ventral - sternum
Caudal - diaphragm
Lateral - ribs, costal cartilages, & intercostal muscles
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6
Q

Boundaries of Thoracic Inlet

A

Dorsal - body of 1st thoracic vertebra
Lateral - 1st pair of ribs and their costal cartilages
Ventral - 1st sternebra (manubrium)

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7
Q

Contents found in Thoracic Cavity

A 
Trachea
Lungs
Heart
Thymus
Esophagus
Lymph Nodes
Vessels 
Nerves
Pleural Cavities
Pericardial Caivty
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8
Q

Contents of Thoracic Inlet

A 
Trachea
Esophagus
Vagosympathetic nerve trunk
Recuurent laryngeal nerves
Phrenic nerves
Ventral branches of 1st and 2nd thoracic spinal nerves
Several blood vessels
Pleural Cupulae
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9
Q

Thoracic Outlet (Diaphragm)

A

Lumbocostal Arch
Aortic Hiatus
Esophageal Hiatus
Caval Foramen

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10
Q

What is pleura?

A

Mesothelial membrane which lines the thoracic cavity, encloses the mediastinum, and covers the lungs

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11
Q

Mediastinum

A
  • Midline partition of thorax
  • includes 2 mediastinal pleura and the space between them
  • encloses thymus, lymph nodes, heart, aorta, trachea, esophagus, nerves, & vessels
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12
Q

Pleural Cavities

A
  • surround lungs (balloon analogy)

- contain only a small amount of serous fluid in healthy individuals

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13
Q

Visceral Pleura

A

pulmonary pleura

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14
Q

Parietal Pleura

A
  • costal pleura
  • mediastinal pleura
  • diaphragmatic pleura
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15
Q

Connecting Pleura

A

ligaments and folds

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16
Q

T/F: The canine mediastinum is not easily ruptured.

A

False. The canine mediastinum is easily ruptured, often allowing communication between both pleural cavities.

17
Q

Parts of Left Lung

A

Cranial & Caudal Lobes

Cranial Lobe has cranial and caudal parts

18
Q

Parts of Right Lung

A

4 Lobes

  • Cranial
  • Caudal
  • Middle
  • Accessory
19
Q

Where is the cardiac notch?

What is its significance?

A

Location: right 4th-5th intercostal space
Significance: Can access heart w/o hitting the lung

20
Q

Order of bronchi as drawing in a breath

A

primary (principal) -> secondary (lobar) -> tertiary (segmental)

21
Q

What is the carina?

A

Midline cartilaginous crest where trachea divides into right & left bronchi

22
Q

Which blood supply feeds the lungs?

A

Nutritional Blood Supply

- Bronchoesophageal artery (from the right 5th intercostal artery)

23
Q

Which blood supply takes blood to the lungs for gas exchange?

A

Functional Blood Supply

  • Pulmonary Arteries (from pulmonary trunk)
  • cary nonaerated blood from the right ventricle of heart to lungs for gas exchange
24
Q

Define the auscultation triangle for the lungs

A
  • Caudal border of triceps brachii
  • Lateral edge of epaxial muscles (horizontal line from caudal angle of scapula to tuber coxae)
  • Line paralleling basal border of lungs (sternal end of 6th rib to 11th intercostal space)
25
Q

What is the potential space where the diaphragmatic and costal parietal pleura are in contact with one another?

A

Costodiaphragmatic recess

26
Q

What is the pericardium?

A

fibroserous covering of the heart

  • Serous pericardium
  • Fibrous pericardium
27
Q

Serous pericardium

A
  • mesothelial sac enclosing the pericardial cavity

- divided into parietal and visceral layers

28
Q

Fibrous pericardium

A

fibrous CT covering the parietal layer of the serous pericardium

29
Q

Pericardial Sac

A

composite structure consisting of 3 layers which surrounds the pericardial cavity

30
Q

What happens when excessive fluid builds up in the pericardial sac?

A

compression of the heart

31
Q

Lumbocostal Arch

A

Sympathetic Trunk & Major Splanchnic Nerve

32
Q

Aortic Hiatus

A

Aorta, Azygos Vein, & Thoracic Duct

33
Q

Esophageal Hiatus

A

Esophagus, Dorsal & Ventral Vagal Trunks

34
Q

Caval Foramen

A

Caudal Vena Cava

Gross Anatomy 1 (20 decks)

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