Abdominal Cavity Part 2 Flashcards
Parts of the Small Intestine
- duodenum
- jejunum
- ileum
Parts of the Large Intestine
- cecum
- colon
- rectum
- anal canal
stomach (gaster)
sac-shaped enlargement of the alimentary canal between esophagus and the duodenum
Location of the stomach?
left cranial quadrant, caudal to liver
Location of empty stomach?
- intrathoracic part of abdominal cavity
- separated from the abdominal wall
- CAN’T PALPATE
Location of a moderately full stomach?
- T9 - T12
- Contact with the abdominal wall
- Palpable
Location of a greatly distended stomach?
- T9-L2 or L3
- extends into the caudal abdominal quadrants
- extensive contact with the abdominal wall
- easily palpable
Regions of Stomach
- cardiac portion = surrounds the cardiac opening
- fundus = blind sac dorsal to the cardia
- body = middle portion between fundus and pyloric portion
- pyloric portion
- pyloric antrum - thin-walled, wider proximal part
- pyloric canal - thick-walled, narrower distal part
Curvatures of the stomach
Greater Curvature
-convex ventral border extending from the cardia to the pylorus (long way)
Lesser Curvature
-concave dorsal border extending from the cardia to the pylorus (short way)
Openings of the stomach
- cardiac ostium (cardia) - inlet -controlled by cardiac sphincter
- pyloric ostium (pylorus) - outlet - controlled by the pyloric sphincter
Notches of the stomach
- cardiac notch -between the cardia and the fundus
- angular notch - lower part of the lesser curvature
Hepatogastric ligament
from liver to lesser curvature of stomach
Gastrosplenic ligament
greater curvature of the stomach to the spleen
gastrophrenic ligament
from esophageal hiatus to the cardia of stomach
Cranial doudenal flexure
- right cranial quadrant
- hepatoduodenal ligament (part of lesser omentum)
Duodenojejunal flexure
- left side of the root of the mesentery
- continued by the jejunum
Ascending duodenum
- left caudal quadrant to left cranial quadrant
- duodenocolic fold (ascending duodenum-descending (meso) colon)
- duodenal fossa - cranially, at the level of the duodenojejunal
Caudal duodenal flexure (transverse part)
- right caudal quadrant to left caudal quadrant
- caudal to the root of the mesentery
Descending duodenum
- right cranial quadrant to the right caudal quadrant
- lies directly against the right dorsolateral abdominal wall
- mesoduodenum - right lobe of the pancreas
Jejunum
- longest part of the small intestine
- nearly equally distributed in all quadrants
- covered by the greater omentum
- suspended by the mesojejunum
- lies against the ventral and lateral abdominal wall
Ileum
- short terminal segment of the small intestine
- caudal to the root of mesentery
- runs left caudal quadrant to right caudal quadrant (usually)
- length determined by the extent of the antimesenteric ileal artery (and the ileocecal fold)
- ileocolic orifice (ileal orifice) -surrounded by ileal papilla and leads to the ascending colon
Cecum
- shot, initial blind-ending part of the large intestine
- right caudal/cranial quadrant
- ileoceal fold (attached to the ileum)
- cecocolic orifice to the colon
- does NOT communicate with the ileum directly
- vermiform appendix NOT present in dogs
Where is the whipworms’ favorite place to reside in the dog?
cecum
Ascending colon
- right caudal quadrant to right cranial quadrant
- shortest portion of the colon
