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Gross Anatomy 1 > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

oral cavity proper

A

space between dental arcades

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2
Q

oral fissure

A

opening between upper and lower lips; entrance to oral cavity

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3
Q

Vomeronasal organ
Location?
Function?

A

Location: base of nasal septum

Function: olfactory receptors for sexual stimuli (pheromones)

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4
Q

What is the minor palatine a direct branch of?

A

maxillary artery

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5
Q

What is the descending palatine a direct branch of?

A

maxillary artery

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6
Q

What branches off the descending palatine?

A
  • major palatine artery

- sphenopalatine artery

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7
Q

Mechincal Papillae

A
  • filiform

- conical

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8
Q

Gustatory Papillae

A
  • fungiform
  • vallate
  • foliate
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9
Q

What three extrinsic tongue muscles are innervated by the hypoglossal nerve?

A
  • styloglossus
  • hyoglossus
  • genioglossus
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10
Q

What is the only motor nerve to the tongue?

A

hypoglossal nerve

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11
Q

The parotid and zygomatic salivary glands are innervated by what CN?

A

CN IX - Glossopharyngeal nerve

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12
Q

The mandibular and major sublingual salivary glands are innvervated by what cranial nerve?

A

CN VII - Facial nerve

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13
Q

What type of teeth do dogs have?

A

Brachydont

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14
Q

What kind of cells produce enamel? Can it regenerate?

A

Ameloblasts (enamelblasts) produce it

It cannot regenerate

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15
Q

This septa is located between adjacent teeth…

A

Interalveolar septa

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16
Q

This septa is located between roots of the same tooth…

A

Interradicular septa

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17
Q

Mesial surface?

A

toward first incisor

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18
Q

Distal surface?

A

away from first incisor

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19
Q

How many teeth is an adult dog supposed to have?

A

42

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20
Q

What is the distribution of teeth in an adult dog?

A
  • I3/3
  • C1/1
  • P4/4
  • M2/3

This is per one side! Multiply by two for total number of teeth!

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21
Q

What teeth do dogs have that cats lack?

A
  • Upper P1
  • Lower P/1 and P/2
  • Upper and Lower M2 and M3
22
Q

What system uses numbers to ID teeth?

A

Triadan System

23
Q

Three key constrictors for the pharynx?

A
  • hyopharyngeus
  • thyropharyngeus
  • cricopharyngeus
24
Q

What is formed by the 2nd endoturbinate?

A

Ethmoidal nasal concha/ Middle nasal concha

25
Q

What is the main pathway for air in the nose?

A

ventral nasal meatus

26
Q

Largest sinus in the head?

A

Frontal sinus

located in the rostral 2/3 of frontal bone

27
Q

What makes up the glottis?

A

arytenoid cartilage and vocal fold

28
Q

Laryngeal ventricle

A

lateral evagination of the laryngeal mucosa on each side between the vestibular fold (rostral border) and the vocal fold (caudal border)

29
Q

Action of cricothyroideus muscle?

A

tenses vocal fold

30
Q

What nerve innervates the cricothyroideus m.?

A

Cranial laryngeal nerve

31
Q

What is the only dilator muscle of the larynx?

A

Cricoarytenoideus dorsalis muscle

32
Q

Main abductor of the larynx?

A

Cricoarytenoideus dorsalis muscle

33
Q

Action of the cricoarytenoideus lateralis m.?

A

narrows, closes glottic cleft

34
Q

Action of Thyroarytenoideus m.?

A

relax vocal fold, constrict glottis

35
Q

Thyroarytenoideus m. has two parts. What are they? What do they do?

A

Ventriculatis muscle = constricts glottis

Vocalis muscle = relax vocal fold

36
Q

What CN innervates the larynx?

A

Vagus nerve via the Cranial laryngeal n. and caudal laryngeal n.

37
Q

Caudal laryngeal n. innervates all of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx EXCEPT:

A

cricothyroid m.

38
Q

What is glaucoma?

A

build up of aqueous humor

39
Q

Which CN innervates the lateral rectus and the retractor bulbi muscles of the eye?

A

CN VI - Abducens

40
Q

CN IV innervates which muscle of the eye?

A

dorsal oblique

41
Q

What CN handles most of the eye muscles?

A

CN III

42
Q

Primary blood supply to the head?

A

common carotid artery

43
Q

Carotid sinus?

A

Baroceptor (feedback for blood pressure regulation) located at the base of the internal carotid artery

44
Q

Carotid body?

A

Chemoreceptor at bifurcation of the internal and external carotid aa or in the wall of the carotid sinus

Keeps watch on O2 and CO2 levels in blood, plus blood pH levels

Can adjust respiration up or down as needed

45
Q

Terminal lymph node in the head?

A

Medial Retropharyngeal Lymph Node

46
Q

What CN conduct parasympathetic fibers?

A

CN III, VII, IX, and X

47
Q

What CN is the sole innervation to the trapezius m.?

A

CN XI - Accessory

48
Q

T/F: There is an epidural space within the skull.

A

FALSE

49
Q

Pachymenix?

A

Dura mater

50
Q

Leptomeninges?

A

Arachnoid membrane and Pia mater

Gross Anatomy 1 (20 decks)

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