Urinary System - E3 Flashcards
Anatomy of the urinary system
2 kidneys
2 ureters
1 bladder
1 urethra
Functions of the urinary system
FILTER BLOOD AT THE CHEMICAL LEVEL
regulate blood volume/composition
regulate blood pressure
External kidney anatomy
retroperitoneal
3 layers of tissue (superficial to deep)
1. renal fascia - fibrous c.t.; anchors
2. perirenal fat capsule - adipose c.t.; cushions
3. fibrous capsule - transparent fibrous c.t.; shapes
“ren”
“nephr”
kidney
calyx
cup; collect from medulla
medulla
pyramids and columns
Blood supply flow of the kidney
- renal artery
- afferent arteriole
- glomerulus
- efferent arteriole
- peritubular capillaries or vasa recta
- renal vein
Nephron
functional unit of the kidney
composed of renal corpuscle and renal tubule
Renal corpuscle
glomerulus (capillary network) + glomerular capsule (Bowman’s capsule)
What tissue type is the glomerular capsule
simple cuboidal epithelium
Renal tubule
proximal and distal convoluted tubule + nephron loop
Another name for nephron loop
loop of Henle
Two types of nephrons
Cortical (more common) - superficial; short loops
Juxtamedullary - deep; long loops
Path of filtrate
- nephron
- collecting duct
- papillary duct
- minor calyx
- major calyx
- renal pelvis
When is filtrate considered urine
when it enters collecting duct