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Anatomy Lecture > Review Multiple Choice Portion - Final Exam > Flashcards

Review Multiple Choice Portion - Final Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Which statement would not be used to describe epithelial tissue

A

has two main cell types, keratinocytes and melanocytes

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2
Q

Which tissue functions to generate heat

A

muscle

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3
Q

Medullary cavities contain

A

marrow

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4
Q

the shoulder is ____ to the elbow

A

proximal

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5
Q

which of the following is medial and caudal to the lumbar region

A

none of these

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6
Q

from diaphysis to epiphysis, the cartilage zones of the epiphyseal plate are

A

calcified, hypertrophic, proliferation, resting

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7
Q

what is the importance of the perichondrium

A

it functions in growth and repair of cartilage

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8
Q

the hypodermis consists mostly of

A

areolar and adipose connective tissues

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9
Q

the supporting cells in connective tissue are called

A

fibroblasts

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10
Q

which of the following names two organelles that are not membrane bound

A

microtubules and ribosomes

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11
Q

what is true of all epidermal cell layers superficial to the stratum granulosum

A

they are highly keratinized dead cells

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12
Q

if you found this in a person you’d know that they were under the age of 21

A

epiphyseal plate

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13
Q

which of the following correctly sequences these 5 events of endochondrial ossification

A

2,4,1,5,3

  1. chondrocytes in the center of the cartilage model enlarge, calcify, and die
  2. capillaries from the penetrating nutrient artery grow into disintegrating lacunae
  3. osteoblasts move in and deposit bone in the diaphysis
  4. spongy bone in the diaphysis is resorbed, creating a marrow cavity
  5. epiphyseal arteries penetrate the epiphysis, and ossification begins there
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14
Q

which of the following features is only found in spongy bone

A

lacunae and trabeculae

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15
Q

which of the following statements about the functions of the integumentary system is not true

A

it absorbs water and salts

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16
Q

the human body has about ____ cell types, the majority of which are ____ cells

A

200; erythrocytes

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17
Q

which of the following tissues is involuntary and striated

A

cardiac muscle

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18
Q

chondroblasts are involved in ___ ossification and, in a teenager, in _____ growth

A

endochondrial; interstitial

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19
Q

____ refers to the increase in cell size. Whereas, ____ refers to an increase in cell number

A

hypertrophy; hyperplasia

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20
Q

the plasma membrane is described by the fluid-mosaic model. The fluidity is due to _____, while the mosaic nature is due to ____

A

phospholipids; proteins

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21
Q

which of the following is a developmental predecessor to all others

A

mesenchymal cells

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22
Q

the LUQ contains all of part of

A

spleen, stomach, transverse colon

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23
Q

which is located most caudally

A

pelvic cavity

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24
Q

the extracellular fluid found in the microscopic spaces between closely-packed epithelial cells is called

A

interstitial fluid

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25
Q

body structures known as ____ are composed of two or more different cells functioning together for a specific process

A

tissues

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26
Q

during bone development, the ___ grows into the perichondrium and cartilage model, as it grows it carries osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which become the primary ossification center

A

periosteal bud

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27
Q

the lamina propria is the

A

connective tissue layer of the mucous membrane

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28
Q

blood is externally supplied to the perforating (Volkmann’s) canals from the ___ arteries

A

nutrient

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29
Q

which of the following can be said to have a body wide distribution

A

eccrine

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30
Q

which of the following is not true about thick skin compared to thin skin

A

thick skin has a thicker dermis

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31
Q

membrane bound proteins are assembled in and by the

A

ribosome

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32
Q

in ossification, the cell primarily responsible for producing a cartilage mold is the

A

chondrocyte

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33
Q

___ lamella extend around the Haversian canal and act as shock absorbers that also inhibit crack propagation

A

concentric lamella

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34
Q

you are examining a slide in lab and see the image to the right. you immediately know that you are viewing

A

all of the above

nervous tissue, skeletal tissue, NMJ

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35
Q

numerous short, motile projections attached to the plasma membrane via basal protein attachment are called

A

cilia

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36
Q

which use of the word “fiber” refers to a variety of intracellular protein threads

A

microtubules and microfilaments

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37
Q

mesenchyme gives rise to which of the following

A

all of the above

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38
Q

visceral pleura covers the

A

lungs

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39
Q

the matrix of connective tissue is composed of

A

cells, fibers, and ground substance

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40
Q

epithelia that consist of more than one layer of cells, which are flat in appearance, are termed

A

stratified squamosal

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41
Q

the major protein of the thick myofilaments is

A

myosin

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42
Q

the tunica ___ of a BV contains more elastic tissue than other layers and is thickest in ____

A

media; arteries

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43
Q

a muscle that holds a bone still during a particular action is called a

A

fixator

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44
Q

abduction at the knee joint is prevented primarily by the

A

medial collateral ligament

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45
Q

the azygous system

A

receives blood from the intercostal veins

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46
Q

which of the following movements are unique to the foot

A

dorsiflexion and inversion

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47
Q

repair of a ventricular septal defect requires open-heart surgery. which of the following correctly sequences the structures the surgeon must penetrate to reach the right ventricle?

A

fibrous pericardium, parietal serous pericardium, epicardium, myocardium, endocardium

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48
Q

which of the following is not a component of the appendicular skeleton

A

ribs

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49
Q

anterior displacement of the tibia is prevented primarily by the

A

anterior cruciate ligament

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50
Q

superficial groups of the lymph nodes are located

A

on top of thoracic and abdominal organs, in the subcutaneous layer

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51
Q

the secondary vertebral curves are the

A

lumbar and cervical

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52
Q

the angle through which a joint moves is its

A

axis of motion

53
Q

the only lymphatic organ with both afferent and efferent lymphatic vessels is

A

a lymph node

54
Q

which of the following contains smooth muscle

A

precapillary sphincter

55
Q

metastatic cancer often is found in lymph nodes due to

A

the greater permeability of lymph capillaries

56
Q

during muscle contraction the ___ shortens

A

none of these

57
Q

which of the following vertebral processes function primarily as levers

A

spinous and transverse processes

58
Q

which of the following correctly sequences the flow of lymph from the left thumb to its return to blood

A

afferent lymphatic, lymph trunk, thoracic duct

59
Q

myofibrils are most closely surrounded by

A

sarcoplasmic reticulum

60
Q

closure of the mitral valve prevents flow of blood from

A

the left ventricle to the left atrium

61
Q

which of these vertebral regions are correctly matched with the number of vertebrae they usually contain

62
Q

in the coronary circulation, the R and L coronary arteries arise from the ___ and the cardiac veins ultimately empty into the ____

A

ascending aorta; right atrium

63
Q

which of the following features help reduce the amount of shock transmitted to the brain during running and jumping

A

nucleus pulposus, articular discs, synovial fluid

64
Q

the muscle illustrated at the right is

A

multipennate

65
Q

the heart is described as a double pump because

A

the atria beat first followed by the ventricles

66
Q

the spleen

A

all of the above

storage for platelets
removes old erythrocytes/platelets
protects against blood-borne pathogens

67
Q

mental symphysis is gone as an adult. that means that a ___ joint has become a ____ joint

A

fibrous; synostosis

68
Q

which of the following is an important function of the lymphatic system

A

returning fluid and proteins to the cardiovascular system

69
Q

capillaries with the greatest permeability are the ___ and they are common in the ___

A

discontinuous; liver

70
Q

the part of the respiratory mucosa that warms inspired air is the ____

A

vessels in the lamina propria

71
Q

nicotine and other chemicals in cigarette smoke adversely affect the respiratory system by

A

all of the previous

paralyze cilia, increase mucus, constrict bronchioles

72
Q

the mucosal epithelium of the stomach and intestines is composed of ___ epithelium

A

simple columnar

73
Q

which of the following structures occur exclusively in the renal medulla

A

vasa recta

74
Q

urine passes downward through the ureters by which mechanisms

A

peristalsis and gravity

75
Q

which of the following is not a peritoneal fold

A

pericardium

76
Q

just above the diaphragm, the esophagus narrows slightly and its muscularis is thickened. this location functions like a sphincter, so it is called the

A

lower esophageal sphincter

77
Q

which is the correct order from superficial to deep of the following 5 structures

A

4,1,3,2,5

  1. wall of thoracic cavity
  2. parietal pleura
  3. pleural cavity
  4. visceral pleura
  5. lung
78
Q

For a cesarean section, which of the following correctly lists the sequences of tissues a doctor would cut through

A

parietal peritoneum, perimetrium, endometrium, myometrium

79
Q

blood flow in a nephron can follow which of these paths

A

afferent arteriole, glomerulus, efferent arteriole, peritubular capillaries

80
Q

ovarian follicles are located in the

A

ovarian medulla

81
Q

the ___ muscles contribute to forced expiration by ___ the volume of the thorax

A

internal intercostal; decreasing

82
Q

which of the following organs have an adventitia

A

bladder and esophagus

83
Q

which of the following is not a male accessory sex gland

A

seminiferous tubule

84
Q

which of the following is not lined with ciliated epithelia

A

epididymis

85
Q

which permanent tooth does not replace a deciduous tooth

86
Q

which of the following contain cartilage

A

external nose and primary bronchus

87
Q

the renal corpuscle includes the

A

glomerulus and glomerular capsule

88
Q

which of the following does not have stratified squamous epithelium

A

nasal meatuses

89
Q

which of the following have smooth muscle

A

terminal bronchiole and internal urethral sphincter

90
Q

a fold of mucosa called the ____ attaches the tongue to the floor of the oral cavity

A

lingual frenulum

91
Q

which of the following have 3 layers of smooth muscle in their wall

A

esophagus, bladder, uterus

92
Q

which of the following are usually retroperitoneal

A

pancreas and kidney

93
Q

which of the following correctly sequences the path of bile

A

IV, V, III, II, I

IV. bile canaliculi
V. left hepatic duct
III. common hepatic duct
II. bile duct
I. hepato-pancreatic sphincter
94
Q

which of the following correctly lists the sphincters of the GI tract from mouth to anus

A

3,5,1,4,2

  1. inferior pharyngeal constrictor
  2. lower esophageal sphincter
  3. pyloric sphincter
  4. ileocecal sphincter
  5. internal anal sphincter
95
Q

which correctly sequences movement of CO2 from blood to alveolus

A

4,2,6,3,1,5

  1. capillary endothelia
  2. capillary basement membrane
  3. interstitial space
  4. alveolar basement membrane
  5. pulmonary squamous epithelial cell
  6. surfactant
96
Q

which of the following correctly lists the tissues of a tooth (sup to deep)

A

enamel, dentin, pulp

97
Q

tissues to remove a kidney anteriorly

A

parietal peritoneum, renal fascia, perirenal fat capsule

98
Q

the tensor tympani inserts on the

99
Q

the auditory canal is a passageway through the ___ bone

100
Q

which body systems maintain homeostasis/internal coordination

A

endocrine and nervous

101
Q

dendrites

A

carry info to the neurosoma

102
Q

in the figure to the right “X” is an

A

efferent neuron

103
Q

the figure to the right is an

104
Q

which of these cells is bipolar

105
Q

___ surround neuron cell bodies in a ganglion

A

satellite cells

106
Q

in the CNS ___ are phagocytic cells and ___ form the blood-brain carrier

A

microglia; astrocytes

107
Q

which of the following structures is not part of the central nervous system

108
Q

the ___ separates the R and L cerebral hemispheres

A

longitudinal fissure

109
Q

which of the following features are found in the diencephalon

A

pineal gland and infundibulum

110
Q

correct order of a surgeon’s tissue path to reach the spinal cord

A

3,2,1,5,4

  1. epidural space
  2. dura mater
  3. arachnoid mater
  4. subarachnoid space
  5. pia mater
111
Q

the superior colliculi

A

is responsible for visual reflexes like tracking

112
Q

interneurons are found in the

A

dorsal horn of gray matter

113
Q

the cerebellum

A

processes tactile input

114
Q

the figure to the right is of a

A

free nerve ending

115
Q

where would you find a general sense receptor

A

all of these

basal layer of epidermis, surrounding hair follicles, joint capsules, fingertips

116
Q

the function(s) of cranial nerve VIII is/are

A

balance and hearing

117
Q

anterior and posterior roots unite to form a spinal nerve

118
Q

the dorsal ramus

A

branches off the spinal nerve

innervates the muscles to the back of the trunk

119
Q

the spinal nerves contain

A

motor and sensory nerves

120
Q

there are ___ pairs of spinal nerves; ___ of these are thoracic spinal nerves

121
Q

which of the following is true concerning the structure in the figure to the right

A

it’s made of epithelial cells

it’s part of the sense of gustation

122
Q

cranial nerve VI innervates the ___ extraocular muscle of the eye

A

lateral rectus

123
Q

cranial nerve VI innervates the ___ extraocular muscle of the eye

A

lateral rectus

124
Q

the ora serrata

A

is the jagged anterior margin of the retina

125
Q

the axons of the ___ layer of retina form cranial nerve II

A

ganglion cell

126
Q

which of the following is not unique about olfactory neurons

A

they are directly exposed to the environment

127
Q

in the figure to the right, the arrow is pointing to the ___ and the structure contains ___

A

semicircular duct; perilymph

128
Q

which of the following structures are part of the vascular layer of the eye

A

iris and ciliary processes

Anatomy Lecture (14 decks)

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