Autonomic Nervous System - Final Exam Flashcards
Compare somatic NS and autonomic NS for the following:
- effector
- efferent path
- response
- neurotransmitter
- voluntary or not
- SNS - skeletal muscle; ANS - smooth, cardiac muscle, glands
- SNS - single motor neuron; ANS - 2 motor neurons with synapse in ganglion
- SNS - always excitatory; ANS - excitatory or inhibitory
- SNS - acetylcholine; ANS - ACh or NE
- SNS - voluntary; ANS - involuntary
ganglia
group of somas
2 divisions of the ANS
parasympathetic and sympathetic
Overview of the autonomic pathway
- preganglionic neuron (cell body in CNS)
- preganglionic axon (myelinated)
- ganglion
- postganglionic neuron (cell body in PNS)
- postganglionic axon (unmyelinated)
- effector
In the parasympathetic NS
preganglionic neurons are long
craniosacral outflow
postganglionic neurons are short
craniosacral outflow
cell bodies in the brain and lateral horns S2-S4
the parasympathetic NS preganglionic axons emerge from the CNS via
cranial nerves III, VII, IX, X
anterior roots and spinal nerves S2-S4 give rise to pelvic splanchnic nerves
in the sympathetic NS
preganglionic neurons are short
thoracolumbar outflow
postganglionic neurons are long
thoracolumbar outflow
cell bodies in lateral horns T1-L2
the sympathetic NS preganglionic axons emerge from
the anterior roots
types of sympathetic ganglia
sympathetic chain/trunk (paravertebral) ganglia - 22-24; vertical row on either side of vertebral column
collateral (prevertebral) ganglia - 3; anterior to vertebral column near lg. arteries
adrenal medulla - for rapid release of E and NE
destinations of the sympathetic preganglionic axons
- reach sympathetic chain ganglion via white communicating ramus
- many do not stop at the ganglion; branch and go up or down in the sympathetic trunk
- may exit in splanchnic nerve, which carries preganglionic fibers to a collateral ganglion
- may continue to the adrenal medulla
adrenal medulla
collection of anaxonic postganglionic neurons
postganglionic axons travel from ____ via ____(2)
sympathetic chain ganglion
- gray communicating ramus into spinal nerve
- other sympathetic nerves to viscera
autonomic plexuses
near the heart, lung, and gut
fibers from both divisions mingle to form nerve networks