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CARD 1103 > Urinary system disorders > Flashcards

Urinary system disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Urinary tract infection (UTI)

A

infection in one or more structures of the urinary tract; caused by germ-negative bacteria

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2
Q

hematuria

A

blood in the urine

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3
Q

dysuria

A

painful urination

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4
Q

anuria

A

no urine production at all

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5
Q

nephrolithiasis

A

abnormal condition referred to as KIDNEY STONES

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6
Q

nephr/o

A

kidney

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7
Q

vesic/o

A

urinary bladder

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8
Q

ureter/o

A

ureter

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9
Q

alburminuria

A

abnormal presence of protein (albumin/o) in the urine

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10
Q

glycosuria

A

associated with diabetes; abnormal condition of glucose/sugar (glycos/o) in the urine

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11
Q

uremia

A

high levels of urea in the blood

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12
Q

acute renal failure (ACF)

A

condition in which the kidneys (ren/o) stop functioning and producing urine

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13
Q

chronic renal failure (CRF)

A

loss of kidney function is slower and more progressive than ACF

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14
Q

chronic kidney disease (CKD)

A

affects multiple body systems;

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15
Q

Urinalysis (UA)

A

urine specimen is analyzed in the lab

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16
Q

creatinine clearance tests (C,cr)

A

measures the rate at which creatinine concentration in the blood sample is excreted in the urine over a 24 hr period

17
Q

glomerular filtration rate (GFR)

A

how much filtration occurs in kidneys per minute; use creatinine rates to determine GFR; used to document stages of kidney disease

18
Q

Urography

A

x-ray/radiologic, imagining of the urinary tract after injecting contrast material

19
Q

pyelography

A

an x-ray (urography) of the entire renal pelvis (pyel/o)

20
Q

retrograde pyelogram (RP)

A

use of radioisotope study reveals the presence of obstruction in the kidney using contrast medium via catheter into the urethra and bladder; images taken of the urethra, bladder and ureters

21
Q

Cystoscopy

A

most common diagnostic procedure for urinary disorders; involves the visual examination of the urinary bladder using a specialized endoscope = cystoscope

22
Q

cystoscope

A

instrument used to view the urinary bladder

23
Q

Lithotripsy

A

treats kidney stones; shock waves crush (tripsy-) the stones for easier eventual passage from body with urine; aka extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)

24
Q

Renal failure

A

kidneys fail to excrete urine

25
Q

blood urea nitrogen (BUN) test

A

test used to determine the amounts of urea, nitrogen, that have accumulated in the blood (uremia)

26
Q

Kidney, ureter, and bladder (KUB) imaging series (urogram)

A

can demo the kidneys in relation to other organs in the abdominopelvic region; used with MRI

27
Q

extracorporeal

A

refers to outside the body

28
Q

dialysis

A

removing wastes from the blood by machine when kidneys can no longer seperate nitrogenous waste material from bloodstream

29
Q

Hemodialysis (HD)

A

1/2 method of dialysis; use of an artificial kidney machine

30
Q

peritoneal dialysis

A

1/2 methods of dialysis; involves the introduction of a peritoneal catheter and a special solution into the abdomen; wastes pass into the fluid from the bloodstream and are then drained from the body

31
Q

continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)

A

most extensive form of dialysis; indwelling catheter permits fluid to drain into and out of the peritoneal cavity to cleanse the blood

32
Q

renal transplant

A

for patient with end stage renal disease (renal failure); this is the implantation of a donor kidney

33
Q

voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)/ cystogram

A

x-ray image of bladder and urethra taken when bladder is filled with contrast and while patient is expelling urine

34
Q

Urinary catherterization

A

a catheter is passed through urethra and into bladder for short/long-term drainage of urine

CARD 1103 (12 decks)

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