male reproductive system disorders Flashcards
hematuria
blood in the urine
benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
enlarged prostate; non cancerous condition common in men over 50; characterized by enlarged portion of prostate gland; will see decrease in urinary stream, urgency, blood in urine, bladder infection
prostat/o
prostate gland
testes
orchid/o
penis
balan/o
testicular carcinoma
cancer of the testes; occurs most frequently in 20-35 year old men; common in men who have cryptorchism
cryptorchism
condition of undescended (crypt/o) testicles (orchi/o)
prostate carcinoma
cancer of the prostate; most common cancer in men; slow-growing tumour that affects many men over 50
varicocele
disorder most commonly seen in adolescent males; torturous enlargement of veins of spermatic cord (varic/o= varicose vein, -cele=hernia); enlargement effects left spermatic cord more than right; may cause infertility; treated by surgical ligation (tying off of vein)
hydrocele
accumulation of fluid in the scrotum; caused by inflammation of the testis or epididymis; diagnosed by transillumination
transillumination
used to diagnose hydrocele; shine light source through scrotal tissue to identify fluid-filled mass
-cele
hernia
sexually transmitted disease/infection (STD/I)
diseases that are spread by genital contact and can affect the entire genitourinary (GU) tract and beyond; diseases include chlamydia, herpes genitalis, syphilis, and gonorrhea
genitourinary tract (GU)
refers to the genital and urinary organs
chlamydia
STI; symptoms include painful urination, genital itching, vaginal/penile discharge, and bleeding btw menstrual cycles
Herpes Genitalis
STI; painful vesicular eruptions of the skin and mucous membranes of the genitalia
syphilis
STI; progresses through distinct stages of effects over a period of years where any organ may be involved
gonorrhea
STI: asymptomatic in women, in men marked by urethritis with pain and discharge
Vasectomy
surgical procedure that produces sterilization by closing off the vas deferens to prevent sperm from being released with semen
digital rectal exam (DRE)
prostate exam; finger inserted into rectum to assess the shape and size of prostate gland through the rectal wall
Prostatic specific antigen (PSA) test/assay
help identify prostate cancer by checking elevated levels of PSA in blood
semen analysis
needed for some reproductive issues (difficulty with fertility); number, shape, and motility of sperm cells is analyzed
Orchiopexy
procedure done on infants to repair undescended testis (cryptorchism); surgical fixation (-pexy) of testes
transurethral resection (TUR or TURP)
to surgically treat BPH (benign prostate hyperplasia); uses resectoscope (removes prostate tissue) that is inserted through urethra, electrical hot loop destroys prostate tissue and portion of gland is removed
photoselective vaporization of the prostate (PVP)
alternative approach to treat BPH with use of lasers to remove portion of prostate gland
