respiratory system disorders Flashcards
upper respiratory infection (URI)
any disease affecting the upper respiratory tract including common cold, pharyngitis, sinusitis and tonsilitis
rhin/o
nose
cyan/o
blue
alveol/o
air sac
Pneumonia
inflammation and infection of the alveoli, which fill with pus and debris
pulmonary embolism (PE)
blood clot that blocks the vessels in the lung
asthma
spasm and narrowing of bronchi which leads to bronchial airway obstruction
Emphysema
hyperinflation of airs sacs with destruction of alveolar wall
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
group of illnesses that limit airflow; ie. asthma, emphysema
Atelectasis
collapsed lung
pneumoconiosis
abnormal condition of dust (CONI/O) in the lungs
tuberculosis (TB)
an infectious disease caused by bacteria (bacilli) affected lungs and other organs
hemoptysis
spitting up of blood
Sputum culture (tests)
sputum expelled by coughing and analyzed for bacterial contents
Tuberculin Test
bacterial analysis for lung disorders; administered via skin puncture/injection; reaction indicates previous/current infection with TB
Pulmonary angiography
x-ray images of the lung’s blood vessels are taken after they are injected with contrast material
ventilation and perfusion scan
air flow and blood supply (perfusion) are traced using radioactive material that is injected/inhaled
laryngoscopy
examination of the larynx
bronchoscopy
examiniation of the bronchi with a fiberoptic or rigid endoscope; identify source of secretions
Pulmonary function test (PFTs)
measurement of the ventilation of the lungs
Spirometer
instrument that measures and records the volume of inhaled and exhaled air; used during PFTs
pleural effusion
fluid in the lungs; drained using thoracocentesis
thoracocentesis
surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space in the chest
thoracotomy
incision into the chest to remove a lung (pneumonectomy)
pneumonectomy
removal of a lung
lobectomy
removal of a portion (lobe) of the lung
tracheostomy
insertion of tube to create a opening in trachea through the neck
endotracheal intubation
tube is placed through nose or mouth into trachea to establish an airway during surgery and for placement on a respirator
