nervous system disorders

Question 1

multiple sclerosis (MS)

Answer 1

slowly progressing degenerative disease characterized by demyelination of the nerve fibers of brain and spinal cord; MS slows the impulse being transmitted along axon due to lesions that eventually block the impulse altogether

Question 2

encephal/o

Answer 2

brain

Question 3

cerebr/o

Answer 3

cerebrum

Question 4

cerebell/o

Answer 4

cerebellum

Question 5

Epilepsy

Answer 5

group of CNS disorders that involve abnormal discharge of electrical activity from the nerve cells of the cerebral cortex; sudden burst of activity from neurons result in seizures may cause sensory distubances, involuntary contractions and syncope

Question 6

syncope

Answer 6

fainting

Question 7

concussion

Answer 7

brief loss of consciousness as a result of an injury to the head

Question 8

glioblastoma

Answer 8

malignant brain tumour arising from glial cells (-blatoma= immature tumour)

Question 9

Alzheimer Disease (AD)

Answer 9

a brain disorder marked by deterioration of mental capacity (dementia)

Question 10

myelin sheath

Answer 10

structure that covers the axons of some nerves in the body; in MS this slowly gets destroyed and replaced with plaques of hard (sclerotic) tissue;

Question 11

cerebrovascular accident (CVA) (aka stroke, brain attack)

Answer 11

abnormal condition of the brain characterized by ischemia of the brain tissues as a result of occlusion by thrombosis, embolism or cerebrovascular hemorrhage; symptoms include weakness, paraylsis, speech defect, aphagia, sensory changes

Question 12

transient ischemic attack (TIA)

Answer 12

a brief, sudden episode of cerebrovascular deficiency; commonly associated with partial occlusion of an artery; causes impaired vision, dizziness, numbness, weakness or syncope

Question 13

hemiplegia

Answer 13

paralysis experienced on only one side of body

Question 14

paraplegia

Answer 14

paralysis affecting lower half of body

Question 15

CT

Answer 15

shows cross sections of x-ray images of the brain

Question 16

cerebral angiography

Answer 16

x-ray images are taken of blood vessels within the cerebrum with help of contrast material injected into artery

Question 17

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Answer 17

fluid that flows through and protects four ventricles of the brain, the spinal canal and the subarachnoid spaces

Question 18

CSF anaylsis

Answer 18

fluid withdrawn by inserting needle into spinal cavity during lumbar puncture (LP)

Question 19

Seizure

Answer 19

hyperstimulation of neurons in the brain resulting in sudden violent uncontrollable series of contractions of a group of muscles

Question 20

Electroencephalography (EEG)

Answer 20

records electrical activity within the brain

Question 21

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

Answer 21

used to identify areas of ischemia in the brain

Question 22

Stereotactic radiosurgery

Answer 22

locating a target in brain, then using high energy radiation beam (gamma knife) to destroy the tissue

Question 23

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulator (TENS)

Answer 23

delivers stimulation to nerves to relieve acute and chronic pain

Question 24

physical therapy

Answer 24

help to recover and regain abilities