Urinary System Flashcards
1
Q
Urin/o
Ur/o
A
Urine
2
Q
Nephr/o
Ren/o
A
Kidney
3
Q
Pyel/o
Pelv/o
A
Renal pelvis
4
Q
Ureter/o
A
Ureter
5
Q
Cyst/o
Vesicul/o
A
Bladder
Fluid filled sac
Vessel
6
Q
Urethr/o
A
Urethra
7
Q
Olig
A
Scant
Few
8
Q
Electr/o
A
Electrolytes
9
Q
Hydr/o
A
Water
10
Q
Lith/o
A
Stone
11
Q
Meat/o
A
Passageway
12
Q
Tub/o
A
Tube
13
Q
Prot/o
A
First
14
Q
Albumin/o
A
Albumin
Simple protein
15
Q
Calyc/o
Calyx/o
A
Cup
16
Q
Mict/o
A
Urine
17
Q
Urethrorrhea
A
Discharge from the urethra
18
Q
Renal failure
A
Inability to filter blood related to the loss of nephron function
19
Q
Uremia
A
Toxic condition of increased urea in the blood
20
Q
Urethrotomy
A
Surgical opening into the urethra
21
Q
Urteroplasty
A
Reconstruction of the ureters
22
Q
Lithotripsy
A
Extracorporeal shock wave
23
Q
Renal colic
A
Acute pain in the kidney area
24
Q
Urterosclerosis
A
Hardening of the ureters
25
Cystolith
Stone in the bladder
26
Cystitis
Inflammation of the bladder
27
Nephrotic syndrome
Generalized group of kidney diseases
28
Nephritis
Inflammation of the kidney
29
Nephrolith
Kidney stone
30
Urterolith
Stone in the ureters
31
Nephrectasis
Enlargement of the kidneys
32
UTI
Urinary tract infection
33
Cystectomy
Removal of the urinary bladder
34
Glomerulonephritis
Inflammation of the kidney involving the glomerulus
35
Cystalgia
Pain in the bladder
36
Nephrectomy
Removal of a kidney
37
Ureterorrhagia
Bleeding of the ureters
38
Anuria
Complete cessation of urine production
39
Functions of the urinary system
- Filters blood
- Eliminates metabolic waste
- Maintains hydration balance
- Maintains blood pressure
40
How much blood does the kidneys filter out per minute
20%
41
Structures of the urinary system
- 2 kidneys
- Pair of tubular ureters
- Bladder
- Urethra
42
Function of the kidneys
Remove substances from blood to be excreted in urine
43
Function of ureters
Transport urine from kidneys to bladder
44
Function of bladder
Hold urine to be excreted out of the body
45
Function of the urethra
Transports urine out of the body
46
Processes of the urinary system
- Filtration
- Reabsorption
- Secretion
- Excretion
47
Filtration
Water and solute pass through renal membranes
48
Reabsorption
Water and solute are removed from the filtrate and returned to the body
49
Secretion
Release of waste materials
50
Excretion
Elimination of waste materials
51
Urinary system specialists
- Nephrologist
| - Urologist
52
Nephrologist
Specialist of the kidneys
53
Urologist
Specialist of the urinary tract and male genitalia
54
ADH
Anti-diuretic hormone
55
Code yellow
Bladder burst
56
Bladder capacity
300-400ml
57
Retro
Behind
58
Peritoneum
Abdominen
59
Where is the kidneys located?
The retroperitoneal area of torso
60
Why is the right kidney slightly lower than the left?
The liver taking up so much space
61
CVA
Costovertebral Angle
62
Nephron
- Functional unit of the kidney
- Each kidney contains about 1.25 million
- Consists of renal capsule and renal tubule
63
Renal tubule
Coiled tube that leads away from the glomerular capsule and empties into the renal pelvis
64
Name all the places the metabolic waste goes before urination
Renal artery>glomerulus inside the bowman's capsule>proximal tubule>loop of henle>distal tubule>collecting duct
65
What happens to the blood after the loop of henle?
It goes through the distal tubule and into the capillaries, taking it to the renal vein
66
Alternate terms for urination
- Micturation
| - Voided
67
What is urine made out of
95% water and 5% metabolic waste
68
What muscles close the urethra when not urinating
Sphincter muscles
69
What are the different physical examinations you can do to diagnose any urinary related disorders?
- Palpitation at CVA and suprapubic
- Blood test
- Urine test
70
Dysuria
Difficult and painful urination
71
Hematuria
Blood in urine
72
Oliguria
Scant urine production
73
What would count as Oliguria?
Urine production below 500cc in 24 hours
74
Nocturia
Getting up to pee frequently at night
75
Polyuria
Abnormal amount of urine
76
Frequency
Urination more than usual
77
Incontinence
Inability to control passage of urine from the bladder
78
Stress incontinence
Losing the ability to control urine while sneezing, coughing, laughing, or anything that causes stress to the body
79
Hesitancy
Difficulty beginning flow of urine
80
Urgency
A strong need to urinate
81
Glomerular filtration rate
Nuclear scan to assess how the blood is being filtered
82
Cystoscopy
Visual exam of the bladder with a scope
83
Intravenous pyelogram
X-ray after injection of a radiopaque dye
84
Cystopexy
Attachment of the bladder to the abdominal wall
85
Nephrostomy
Procedure that involves inserting a tube (nephrostomy) or a catheter through the skin inside the kidney to drain urine
86
Dialysis
Procedure to compensate for loss of kidney function
87
Types of dialysis
- Peritoneal dialysis
| - Hemodialysis
