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Health Pro > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

Anthraco

A

Coal, charcoal, carbon

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2
Q

Atel/o

A

Imperfect, incomplete

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3
Q

Brady

A

Slow

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4
Q

Bronch/i

Bronch/o

A

Bronchus, windpipe

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5
Q

-capnia

A

Presence of carbon dioxide

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6
Q

Chron/o

A

Time

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7
Q

Eu

A

Normal, true

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8
Q

Laryngo

A

Larynx, laryngeal

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9
Q

Muc/i

Muc/o

A

Mucus

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10
Q

Nas/o

A

Nose, nasal

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11
Q

Oro

A

Mouth, oral

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12
Q

Orth/o

A

Straight

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13
Q

Oxy

A

Presence of oxygen

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14
Q

Pharyng/o

A

Pharynx, throat

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15
Q

Phon/o

A

Sound, speech, voice sounds

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16
Q

Phren/o

A

Diaphragm

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17
Q

Pleur/a

Pleur/o

A

Rib, side, lung membrane

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18
Q

-pnea

A

Respiration, respiratory condition

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19
Q

Pneum/o
Pneum/on
Pneum/ono

A

Air, gas, lung, breathing

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20
Q

Pulmo/n

Pulmo/no

A

Lungs

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21
Q

Rhin/o

A

Nose

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22
Q

Spir/o

A

Breathing

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23
Q

Tachy

A

Rapid, quick

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24
Q

Thorac/ico

Thorac/o

A

Chest

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25
Q

Trache/o

A

Trachea, tracheal

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26
Q

Nasal cavity

A

The space on either side of the nasal spectrum

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27
Q

Pharynx

A

Region between the mouth and the esophagus; throat

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28
Q

Larynx

A

Voice box

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29
Q

Trachea

A

Tube that conducts air from the larynx to the bronchial; windpipe

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30
Q

Lungs

A

Organs of breathing

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31
Q

Nares

A

Nostrils

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32
Q

Nasal spectrum

A

Wall dividing the nasal cavity into right and left sides

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33
Q

Paranasal sinuses

A

Hollow, air filled spaces in the bones of the face that are lined with mucous membrane; sinuses

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34
Q

Nasopharynx

A

Region of the pharynx behind the nasal cavity

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35
Q

Pharyngeal tonsil

A

Lymphatic tissue on the posterior wall of the Nasopharynx; adenoid

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36
Q

Oropharynx

A

Region of the pharynx located near the back of the mouth

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37
Q

Palatine tonsils

A

Lymphatic tissue embedded in wall of oropharynx; tonsils

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38
Q

Alveolo

A

Alveolus (air cell), alveolar

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39
Q

Laryngopharynx

A

Lower-most region of the pharynx located near the larynx

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40
Q

Uvula

A

Fleshy flap at the back of the oral cavity that hangs above the throat

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41
Q

Glottis

A

A slit-like opening where air enters the larynx

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42
Q

Epiglottis

A

Flap of cartilage that guards the glottis during swallowing

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43
Q

Vocal cords

A

Structures that vibrate in the larynx to produce sound

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44
Q

Bronchi

A

The two main branches (left and right) off the trachea

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45
Q

Bronchioles

A

Small divisions of bronchi

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46
Q

Terminal bronchioles

A

Subdivision of the bronchioles

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47
Q

Conducting airway

A

Respiratory structures involved with air distribution

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48
Q

Respiratory airway

A

Respiratory structures involved with gas exchange

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49
Q

Alveoli

A

Tiny air sacs in lungs where gases are exchanged between alveolar air and blood

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50
Q

Visceral pleura

A

Serous membrane on the lung surface

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51
Q

Parietal pleura

A

Serous membrane lining the thoracic cavity

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52
Q

Apex

A

Rounded top portion of lung pointing toward the first rib

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53
Q

Base

A

Lower part of lung that rests on the diaphragm

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54
Q

Hilum

A

Wedge-shaped depression on the mediastinal surface of each

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55
Q

Surfactant

A

Substance that helps to prevent the alveoli from collapsing

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56
Q

Inhalation

A

Process of inhaling or inspiring

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57
Q

Exhalation

A

Process of exhaling or expiring

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58
Q

Respiration

A

Chemical process occurring in tissues for gas exchange; breathing

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59
Q

Pulmonary ventilation

A

Breathing, respiration

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60
Q

Diaphragm

A

Curved muscle that separates the thoracic cavity an abdominal cavity

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61
Q

Tussis

A

Cough

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62
Q

Eupnea

A

Normal breathing

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63
Q

Spirometer

A

Device that measures inhaled and exhaled air volumes

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64
Q

Pulmonary function test (PFT)

A

Evaluates and assesses lung function by measuring lung volumes and capacities

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65
Q

Tidal volume (TV)

A

Amount of air inhaled or exhaled In a single breath

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66
Q

Inspiratory reserve volume(IRV)

A

Amount of air that can be forcibly expired after normal inhalation

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67
Q

Expiratory reserve volume(ERV)

A

Amount of air that can be forcibly expired after normal exhalation

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68
Q

Vital capacity(VC)

A

Amount of air that can be exhaled after the deepest possible inhalation

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69
Q

Biot respirations

A

Alternating periods of apnea with breaths of the same depth

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70
Q

Cheye-stakes respirations

A

Alternating patterns of apnea and deep, rapid breathing

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71
Q

Kussmal respirations

A

Rapid air respiration; air hunger

72
Q

Pulmonary embolism

A

Blood clot lodged in a pulmonary artery

73
Q

Cyanosis

A

Bluish colored tissue due to a lack of oxygen in the blood

74
Q

Rales

A

Abnormal hissing or whistling respiratory sounds

75
Q

Oxygen therapy

A

Supplying oxygen via nasal cannula, Venturi mask, or oxygen tent

76
Q

Nasal cannula

A

Flexible tube placed in the nares to deliver oxygen

77
Q

Venturi mask

A

Face mask that delivers oxygen

78
Q

Resuscitation bag

A

Bag that is manually pumped to deliver air/oxygen

79
Q

Nebulizer

A

Device for administering medicinal liquid in the form of spray to be breathed through the mouth/nose; atomizer

80
Q

Oxygen tent

A

Structure that surrounds a patient in bed to supply oxygen

81
Q

Endotracheal tube

A

Tube passed through the mouth or nose to the trachea

82
Q

Tracheostomy

A

Tube placed through a hole in the trachea

83
Q

Cystic fibrosis

A

Inherited disorder characterized by thick mucus secretions that block the internal passages; including the lungs

84
Q

Sputum

A

Fluid or semifluid mucus mixture; phlegm

85
Q

Expectorated

A

Coughed up and spit out

86
Q

Hypoxia

A

Inadequate oxygen in tissue

87
Q

Clubbing of fingers

A

Rounding of the fingers like a club due to chronic inadequate oxygen delivery to the tissue

88
Q

Peak expiratory flow test

A

PEF test; a measurement of the volume of air after forced expiration using PEF meter

89
Q

Pulse oximetry

A

Measurement of oxygen in blood, found by using pulse oximeter

90
Q

Postural drainage

A

PD; positioning the body to allow gravity to drain mucus from areas of the lungs

91
Q

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

A

General term describing lung disease affecting the bronchial tree

92
Q

Bronchiectasis

A

Chronic dilation of the airways

93
Q

Mucopurulent

A

Pertaining to mucus with pus

94
Q

Hemoptysis

A

Coughing up blood or bloody mucus

95
Q

Bronchoscopy

A

Procedure for viewing the inside of the respiratory structures using a bronchoscope

96
Q

Lung biopsy

A

Removal of lung tissue for diagnostic evaluation

97
Q

Bronchodilator

A

Drug that ease breathing by relaxing the air passages

98
Q

Bronchitis

A

Inflammation of the bronchial tubes

99
Q

Emphysema

A

Chronic lung disorder characterized by enlarged air sacs

100
Q

Barrel chest

A

Abnormal rounded chest cavity

101
Q

Asthma

A

Breathing disorder characterized by chest tightness and airway constriction

102
Q

Rhonchus

A

Harsh rattling sound

103
Q

Wheeze

A

Audible whistling breath sound

104
Q

Bronchospasm

A

Contraction of smooth in the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles, causing them to narrow

105
Q

Bronchial asthma

A

Form of asthma with attacks of dyspnea and bronchial spasms

106
Q

Exercise-induced asthma

A

Form of asthma with bronchoconstriction caused by exercise

107
Q

Pneumoconiosis

A

Disease caused by inhaling mineral or metallic dust over a long period of time

108
Q

Asbestosis

A

Pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of asbestos fibers

109
Q

Anthracosis

A

Pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of coal dust

110
Q

Berylliosis

A

Pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of beryllium

111
Q

Silicosis

A

Pneumoconiosis caused by inhalation of saliva

112
Q

Upper respiratory infection

A

(URI) Acute infection causing inflammation that affects the upper respiratory structures

113
Q

Rhinoviruses

A

Any of many RNA viruses that cause upper respiratory tract infections

114
Q

Decongestant

A

Drug that reduces nasal congestion

115
Q

Nasal polyp

A

Benign growth on the nasal mucous membranes

116
Q

Allergic rhinitis

A

Nasal inflammation resulting from an allergy

117
Q

Nasal speculum

A

Instrument for viewing the nasal cavity

118
Q

Acute rhinitis

A

Inflammation of the nasal cavity caused by infection; nasal catarrh

119
Q

Lacrimation

A

Tear production

120
Q

Coryza

A

Runny nose

121
Q

Sinusitis

A

Inflammation of the sinuses

122
Q

Pharyngitis

A

Inflammation of the pharynx; sore throat

123
Q

Dysphasia

A

Hoarseness, difficulty speaking

124
Q

Dysphagia

A

Difficulty swallowing

125
Q

Laryngitis

A

Larynx inflammation

126
Q

Aphonia

A

Complete loss of the voice

127
Q

Laryngoscope

A

Lighted instrument with a short metal or plastic tube used for examining the larynx

128
Q

Laryngoscopy

A

Visual examination of the larynx using a lighted instrument called a Laryngoscope

129
Q

Histoplasmosis

A

Fungal infection of the lungs

130
Q

Exudate

A

Seeping mass of cells and fluid

131
Q

Pneumonia

A

Inflammation of the lungs

132
Q

Aspiration pneumonia

A

Inflammation of the lungs that results from inhaling a substance into the lung field

133
Q

Lobar pneumonia

A

Inflammation of the lungs affection one or more lives or parts of a lobe

134
Q

Sputum studies

A

Tests to evaluate substances found in sputum

135
Q

Culture and sensitivity studies

A

(C&S) studies; tests to identify microbes and the effectiveness of various antibiotics

136
Q

Respiratory syncytial virus pneumonia

A

RSV pneumonia; lung inflammation caused by RSV

137
Q

Legionnaires’ disease

A

Pneumonia caused by legionella pneumophila; legionellosis

138
Q

Influenza

A

Viral infection producing fever, sore throat, cough, an muscle pain; flu

139
Q

Tuberculosis

A

TB; infectious disease affecting the lungs caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis

140
Q

Tuberculin test

A

Intradermal test used to establish past or present TB; Mantoux test

141
Q

Lung cancer

A

Malignant tumors of the lung tissue

142
Q

Mesothelioma

A

Cancer derived from the lining cells of the pleura and peritoneum, associated with asbestosis exposure

143
Q

Lobectomy

A

Surgical removal of all or part of a lung

144
Q

Pneumothorax

A

Abnormal presence of air/gas in pleural cavity

145
Q

Thoracentesis

A

Needle aspiration of the pleural cavity through the chest wall for fluid or air withdrawal

146
Q

Hemothorax

A

Blood in the pleural cavity

147
Q

Respiratory acidosis

A

Low blood pH caused by carbon dioxide retention

148
Q

Respiratory alkalosis

A

Increased blood pH due to elimination of too much carbon dioxide

149
Q

Adult respiratory distress syndrome

A

ARDS; Disorder marked by hypercapnia, acidema, and severe hypoxemia resulting in cyanosis

150
Q

Hypercapnia

A

Too much carbon dioxide in the blood

151
Q

Acidema

A

Abnormally low blood pH

152
Q

Hypoxemia

A

Inadequate oxygen in the blood

153
Q

Pulmonary edema

A

Fluid accumulation in the lungs causing breathing difficulty

154
Q

Positive end-expiratory pressure

A

PEEP; positive-pressure air delivered during expiration(exhalation)

155
Q

Altitude sickness

A

Illness cause by the ascent to a high altitude and the resulting shortage of oxygen; mountain sickness

156
Q

Infant respiratory distress syndrome

A

IRDS; disorder marked by breathing difficulty am cyanosis in an infant

157
Q

All acronyms for Infant respiratory distress syndrome

A

IRDS
NRDS(neonatal respiratory distress syndrome)
HMD(hyaline membrane disease)

158
Q

Arterial blood gas

A

ABG; evaluation of blood pH, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and HCO2 concentrations

159
Q

Mechanical ventilator

A

Machine for moving air into and out of a person’s lungs; respirator

160
Q

Continuous positive airway pressure

A

CPAP; positive-pressure air delivered throughout the respiratory cycle

161
Q

Sudden infant death syndrome

A

SIDS; sudden, unexplained, unexpected death of a sleeping infant

162
Q

Respiratory failure

A

Respiratory system is unable to meet the oxygen demands of the body, and carbon dioxide levels increase

163
Q

Flailchest

A

Fracture of the ribcage that causes paradoxical chest wall movement

164
Q

Paradoxical respiration

A

Breathing that is contrary to usual movements in that the lungs deflates during inhalation, and inflates during exhalation

165
Q

Carbon monoxide poisoning

A

Disorder resulting from hemoglobin combining with carbon dioxide instead of oxygen

166
Q

Four main functions of the respiratory system

A
  1. Bring in oxygen to tissue and cells
  2. Eliminate waste(CO2) from tissue and cells
  3. Expels water through lungs
  4. Aid in speech via air flow past larynx
167
Q

Nose

A

Only visible part of the system, catches large foreign bodies with mucus

168
Q

Nares

A

Nostrils; holes in nose that air passes through

169
Q

Septum

A

Cartilage separating the nares

170
Q

Mucosa

A

Rests on thin walled veins that warms the air traveling into the body, moistens and traps foreign bodies, contains enzymes that destroys bacteria

171
Q

Cilia

A

Located on mucosa lining and trachea, gentle current moves mucus to throat to be swallowed and digested, helps you cough

172
Q

Conchae/turbinates

A

Three mucus covered projections, increase surface area of the mucus, increases air turbulence in the cavity to trap debris from reaching lungs

173
Q

Bifurcation

A

Splitting of trachea

174
Q

What are the two sinuses?

A
  1. Frontal sinuses

2. Sphenoid sinuses

175
Q

What’s the term for the splitting of the trachea?

A

Bifurcation

176
Q

Where is the vocal cords located?

A

The larynx

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