Muscular System: Abnormalities

Question 1

Dyskinesia

Answer 1

Distortion or impairment of voluntary movement, as in a tic, spasm, or myoclonus

Question 2

Hypertonia

Answer 2

A condition of excessive tone of skeletal muscles with increased resistance of muscle to passive stretching

Question 3

Paraplegia

Answer 3

The paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body

Question 4

Ataxia

Answer 4

The inability to coordinate the muscles in the execution of voluntary movement

Question 5

Fascioplasty

Answer 5

The surgical repair of the fascia

Question 6

Atrophy

Answer 6

Weakness and wasting away caused by disuse of the muscle over a long period of time

Question 7

Fasciorrhapy

Answer 7

The suturing of lacerated fascia

Question 8

Bradykinesia

Answer 8

Extreme slowness in movement

Question 9

Hemiplegia

Answer 9

Total paralysis of one side of the body

Question 10

Contracture

Answer 10

Abnormal shortening of muscle tissues making the muscle resistant to stretching

Question 11

Hyperkinesia

Answer 11

Abnormally increased motor function or activity

Question 12

Dystaxia

Answer 12

Difficulty in controlling voluntary movement

Question 13

Hypokinesia

Answer 13

Abnormally decreased motor function or activity

Question 14

Fasciectomy

Answer 14

The surgical removal of a fascia

Question 15

Hypotonia

Answer 15

A condition of diminished tone of the skeletal muscles with decreased resistance of muscle to passive stretching

Question 16

Myalgia

Answer 16

Muscle tenderness or pain

Question 17

Myosclerosis

Answer 17

Abnormal hardening of muscle tissue

Question 18

Myocele

Answer 18

The protrusion of a muscle through its ruptured sheath or fascia

Question 19

Myotonia

Answer 19

The delayed relaxation of a muscle after a strong contraction

Question 20

Myomalacia

Answer 20

Abnormal softening of muscle tissue

Question 21

Quadriplegia

Answer 21

The paralysis of all four extremities

Question 22

Myonecrosis

Answer 22

The death of individual muscle fibers

Question 23

Singultus

Answer 23

Also known as hiccups

Question 24

Myorrhapy

Answer 24

To suture a muscle wound

Question 25

Tenodesis

Answer 25

To suture the end of a tendon or bone

Question 26

Myorrhexis

Answer 26

The rupture of a muscle

Question 27

Tenolysis

Answer 27

To free a tendon from adhesions

Question 28

Myoclonus

Answer 28

A spasm or twitching of a muscle or group of muscles

Question 29

Syndactyly disorder

Answer 29

• Some or all fingers are united
• Affects bilaterally
• No known prevention

Question 30

Polydactyly

Answer 30

• Have extra phalanges appear
• Characterized by I-V
• Requires surgery to fix but isn’t life affecting if not fixed

Question 31

Anklosing spondylitis

Answer 31

-Inflammatory arthritis

Question 32

Anklosing spondylitis affects:

Answer 32

• Spine
• Large joints
• Entheses (where ligaments attach to bone)
• Shoulders
• Ribs
• Hips
• Knees
• Feet

Question 33

Carpal Tunnel

Answer 33

• When the carpal tunnel inside the wrist swells and compresses the median nerve
• Causes numbness and weakness in the hand/wrist
• RICE to treat and surgery if severe

Question 34

Genu Verum

Answer 34

“Bow legs”

Exaggerated bending outward of the legs from the knees down that causes bow legs when feet are together

Question 35

Gout

Answer 35

Arthritis that usually affects the big toe that has burning pain, stiffness, and swelling of a joint comes from eating Purine rich foods too much

Question 36

Legg-Calves Perthes Disease

Answer 36

• The femoral head doesn’t get enough blood and the bone dies
• Treated with special crutches and casts, tenotomy, and a osteotomy

Question 37

Hammertoe

Answer 37

• Bonding of one or both joints of the second-fifth toes

- Caused by unnatural pressure on the toes or calluses, bunions, and corns

Question 38

Bunions

Answer 38

Unnatural, bony bump that forms at the base of the big to where it attaches to the foot, the big toe pushes outward on the 1st metatarsal bone forming a bunion

Question 39

Bunionettes/tailors bunions

Answer 39

Bunions that occurs in the outside of the pinky toe