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Health Pro > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of the gastrointestinal system

A

Intake food
Digest food
Absorption
Elimination of waste

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2
Q

Types of digestion

A

Mechanical
Chemical
Absorption

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3
Q

Mechanical digestion

A

Chewing

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4
Q

Chemical digestion

A
  • Mouth with saliva

- Stomach and intestines with enzymes

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5
Q

Absorption

A

Final stage in digestion:

Nutrients transported through the lining of the intestines into the blood and lymph

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6
Q

Parts of mouth

A 
Lips
Cheeks
Hard palate
Soft palate
Uvula
Tongue
Tonsils
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7
Q

Mastication

A

Chewing

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8
Q

Deglutination

A

Swallowing

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9
Q

Pharynx parts

A

Inner: longitudinal
Outer: constrictor

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10
Q

Pharynx purpose

A

Uses its skeletal muscles and peristalsis to push the food down into the esophagus

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11
Q

Peristalsis

A

Pushing mechanism

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12
Q

Esophagus

A

10 in, mucus lined tube that connects the pharynx with the stomach

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13
Q

Accessory organs

A 
Tongue
Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Appendix
Teeth
Salivary
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14
Q

Appendix

A
  • Has no known purpose, might be immune related

- Connected to ascending colon

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15
Q

Types of teeth

A

Deciduous
Permanent
Third year molars

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16
Q

Salivary glands

A

Salivary/parotid
Submandibular
Sublingual

17
Q

Liver functions

A 
Production of bile
Produces glycogen
Storage of vitamins
Release bilirubin 
Removes toxins from the blood
Manufacture blood proteins
Produce cholesterol
18
Q

Gall bladder

A
  • Located on inferior surface of the liver

- Collects bike

19
Q

Bile

A

Digestive juice, consisting of water, bile salts, and bilirubin that emulsifies fat

20
Q

Enzymes made by salivary glands

A

Amylase

21
Q

Foods amylase acts upon

A

Starches

22
Q

Enzymes made by the stomach

A

Pepsin
Lipase
Renin(only in kids)

23
Q

The stomach’s enzymes act upon…

A

Proteins and fats

24
Q

Enzymes made by the pancreas

A

Lipase
Amylase
Trypsin

25
Q

The pancreas’ enzymes act upon…

A

Fats
Starches
Protein

26
Q

Enzymes made by liver

A

Bile

27
Q

Food that bile acts upon

A

Proteins

Fat

28
Q

Enzymes made by small intestine

A

Lactase
Sucrase
Maltase
Peptidase

29
Q

Food that the small intestine’s enzymes act upon

A

Sugar

Protein

30
Q

Deciduous teeth

A

Baby teeth that erupt around 6 months

31
Q

Permanent teeth

A

Erupt between 6-12 and are done after adolescence

32
Q

Third molars

A

“Wisdom teeth” that emerge around 17-25

33
Q

Mumps

A

Inflammation of submandibular glands

34
Q

Saliva

A

Mixture of mucus and serous fluid

35
Q

Saliva function

A
  • Bind food together
  • Contain amylase
  • Inhibit bacteria
  • Make food slippery enough to swallow
36
Q

Enzymes

A

Proteins found in digestive juices that act on food substances, causing them to break down into simpler compounds

37
Q

Pancreas

A

Pink, retroperitoneal, triangular gland that produced enzymes

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