Digestive System Flashcards
Functions of the gastrointestinal system
Intake food
Digest food
Absorption
Elimination of waste
Types of digestion
Mechanical
Chemical
Absorption
Mechanical digestion
Chewing
Chemical digestion
- Mouth with saliva
- Stomach and intestines with enzymes
Absorption
Final stage in digestion:
Nutrients transported through the lining of the intestines into the blood and lymph
Parts of mouth
Lips Cheeks Hard palate Soft palate Uvula Tongue Tonsils
Mastication
Chewing
Deglutination
Swallowing
Pharynx parts
Inner: longitudinal
Outer: constrictor
Pharynx purpose
Uses its skeletal muscles and peristalsis to push the food down into the esophagus
Peristalsis
Pushing mechanism
Esophagus
10 in, mucus lined tube that connects the pharynx with the stomach
Accessory organs
Tongue Liver Gallbladder Pancreas Appendix Teeth Salivary
Appendix
- Has no known purpose, might be immune related
- Connected to ascending colon
Types of teeth
Deciduous
Permanent
Third year molars
Salivary glands
Salivary/parotid
Submandibular
Sublingual
Liver functions
Production of bile Produces glycogen Storage of vitamins Release bilirubin Removes toxins from the blood Manufacture blood proteins Produce cholesterol
Gall bladder
- Located on inferior surface of the liver
- Collects bike
Bile
Digestive juice, consisting of water, bile salts, and bilirubin that emulsifies fat
Enzymes made by salivary glands
Amylase
Foods amylase acts upon
Starches
Enzymes made by the stomach
Pepsin
Lipase
Renin(only in kids)
The stomach’s enzymes act upon…
Proteins and fats
Enzymes made by the pancreas
Lipase
Amylase
Trypsin
