urinary system Flashcards
What is an example of a nitrogenous waste product?
urea
Which is the best definition of excretion?
removing metabolic wastes created by the cells
Which is a purpose of the urinary system?
to filter the blood and excrete nitrogenous waste product
how does the urinary system help our body to maintain homeostasis?
regulates the content of water and other substances in our blood
Which organ is responsible for the excretion of CO2?
lungs
Which is true of the kidneys
there are 2; they are behind the stomach and liver
Which is not a part of the urinary system?
liver
Where is the urea made?
liver
Urea is a broken down form of an extremely toxic nitrogenous waste product known as
ammonia
which organ filters urea out of the blood?
kidneys
Which is true of the liver’s role in maintaining nitrogenous waste homeostasis?
the liver receives ammonia from the bloodstream and converts it into urea
Which should not be found in our urine?
white blood cells
How many nephrons are found in each kidney?
1,000,000
Specific parts inside the kidneys that filter blood
nephrons
inside the penis in a male body
urethra
muscular sac that stores urine
urinary bladder
specific part inside the kidneys that produce urine
nephrons
tube that connects the urinary bladder to the outside world
urethra
blood vessel of the kidney that carries blood with urea in it to the kidneys
renal arteries
blood vessel of the kidney that carries clean blood with no urea away from the kidneys
renal veins
the darker colored inner layer of the kidney
renal medulla
tiny tubes inside the kidney
nephrons
carries urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder
ureter
funnel-like structure of the kidney that collects urine
renal pelvis
narrow tubes below the kidneys
ureter
the lighter-colored outer layer of the kidney
renal cortex
the segments of the renal medulla
renal pyramid
the functional unit of your kidneys
nephrons
the first part of the renal tubule
proximal convoluted tubule
the middle part of the renal tubule
loop of henle
the last part of the renal tubule
distal convoluted tubule
what the renal artery splits into
glomerulus
found inside the bowman’s capsule
glomerulus
the part of the renal tubule shaped like a U
loop of henle
the start of the nephron
bowman’s capsule
where filtration of the blood begins
bowman’s capsule
a ball of blood vessels
glomerulus
creates filtrate
bowman’s capsule
delivers unfiltered blood to the nephron
renal artery
gathers urine from all of the nephrons
collecting ducts
removes filtered blood from all of the nephrons
renal vein
sends urine to the ureters
collecting ducts
shaped like a cup
bowman’s capsule
removes 20% of blood plasma volume
bowman’s capsule
adds waste from the blood to filtrate in the renal tubule
secretion
creates filtrate
filtration
determines how clear or dark your urine is
reabsorption
filters out 20% of plasma volume into filtrate
filtration
90% of filtrate passes back into the bloodstream
reabsorption
accidentally removes water and nutrients from the blood that our body still needs
filtration
occurs in the bowman’s capsule
filtration
sometimes happens in the distal convoluted tubule (if
ADH is present)
reabsorption
always happens in the proximal convoluted tubule and loop of henle
reabsorption
occurs through the entire renal tubule
secretion
counteracts the work of filtration
reabsorption
pressure is put on blood, forcing water and waste from the glomerulus into the bowman’s capsule
filtration
the nephron’s last chance to pass waste product from the bloodstream into filtrate
secretion
removes important substances from the filtrate and returns them to the blood
reabsorption
