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Anatomy > cardiovascular system > Flashcards

cardiovascular system Flashcards

1
Q

what does cyte mean?

A

cell

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2
Q

what does erytho mean?

A

red

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3
Q

what does hemo mean?

A

blood

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4
Q

what does leuko mean?

A

white

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5
Q

what does ology mean?

A

the study of

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6
Q

what does phago mean?

A

eating

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7
Q

what does poesis mean?

A

production of

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8
Q

what does stasis mean?

A

equilibrium or balance

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9
Q

what does thrombo mean?

A

clotting

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10
Q

what does saying “the heart beating intrinsically” mean?

A

the heart beats from within

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11
Q

What is the purpose of the cardiovascular system?

A

transport blood to and from every living cell in the body

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12
Q

What does blood deliver to each cell?

A

Oxygen, nutrients, water, hormones, white blood cells

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13
Q

what is the heart made of?

A

a pump made of cardiac muscle

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14
Q

What are the 2 types of chambers within the heart?

A

atriums and ventricles

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15
Q

what is blood made of?

A

cells and plasma

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16
Q

what are arteries?

A

carry blood away from the heart to the body cells

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17
Q

what are capillaries?

A

tiny blood vessels that connect arteries and veins at the body cell

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18
Q

what are veins?

A

carry blood back to the heart

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19
Q

What are the three types of granulocytes?

A

neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils

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20
Q

What are the two types of agranulocytes?

A

lymphocytes and monocytes

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21
Q

What are neutrophils?

A

most numerous type of white blood cell (50%-70%)

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22
Q

what is a leukocyte?

A

white blood cell

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23
Q

What type of nucleus does a neutrophil have?

A

multi lobed

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24
Q

What are neutrophils attracted to?

A

sites of inflammation

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25
Q

What did neutrophils do?

A

use phagocytosis to engulf bacteria

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26
Q

What are eosinophils?

A

2%-4% of white blood cells

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27
Q

What type of nucleus does eosinophils have?

A

two lobed nucleus

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28
Q

What do eosinophils do?

A

use enzymes to digest parasitic worms

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29
Q

What are basophils?

A

rarest white blood cells (less than 1%)

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30
Q

What do basophils do?

A

release histamine: an inflammatory chemical that attracts the white blood cells to the site of infection

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31
Q

What are lymphocytes?

A

25% of white blood cells, 2nd most numerous white blood cell

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32
Q

What type of nucleus do lymphocytes have?

A

a large nucleus that takes up most of the cell

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33
Q

Where are lymphocytes found?

A

lymph nodes

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34
Q

What are the two types of lymphocytes?

A

T cells and B cells

35
Q

What are monocytes?

A

3%-8% of white blood cells, largest leukocytes

36
Q

What type of nucleus do monocytes have?

A

kidney shaped nucleus

37
Q

What do monocytes do?

A

become macrophages: phagocytes that engulf viruses and other pathogens

38
Q

What is hemostasis?

A

a series of reactions that stop the bleeding when a blood vessel wall breaks

39
Q

What are the three antigens/proteins that cause blood type?

A

A antigens, B antigens, Rh factor

40
Q

What do your lungs do during circulation?

A

remove CO2 from the blood; add oxygen to the blood

41
Q

What is the systemic circuit?

A

between the heart and tissue (lower loop)

42
Q

Where do arteries take blood?

A

away from the heart

43
Q

Where do veins take blood?

A

to the heart

44
Q

What is the pulmonary circuit?

A

between the heart and lungs (upper loop)

45
Q

What do pulmonary arteries do?

A

carry deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs

46
Q

What do systemic veins do?

A

carry deoxygenated blood from the tissue back to the heart

47
Q

What are system arteries do?

A

carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the tissue

48
Q

What side is deoxygenated blood on?

A

right side

49
Q

What side is oxygenated blood on?

A

left side

50
Q

What color is deoxygenated blood appear?

A

red

51
Q

What is measured by hematocrit?

A

erthrocytes

52
Q

What has a lifespan of 1-3 days?

A

leukocytes

53
Q

What are not true cells because they lack nuclei and organelles?

A

erythrocytes

54
Q

What are not true cells because they are cell fragments?

A

thrombocytes

55
Q

What are platelets?

A

thrombocytes

56
Q

What transport oxygen from the lungs and to the body cells?

A

erythrocytes

57
Q

What cell is 45% of blood volume?

A

erythrocytes

58
Q

What includes neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils?

A

leukocytes

59
Q

What type of cell determines your blood type?

A

erythrocytes

60
Q

True or False: you can receive antigens that your erythrocytes don’t have?

A

false

61
Q

What are the 3 possible antigen/proteins that cause blood type?

A

A, B, Rh

62
Q

A person has type B+ blood. They receive AB-blood. Which antigens on the AB- blood cause a problem?

A

A

63
Q

Which blood type had B and Rh antigens?

A

B+

64
Q

Which blood type has no antigens?

A

O-

65
Q

Which antigen does A+ blood have?

A

A and Rh

66
Q

Which antigens are foreign to type O+ blood?

A

A and B

67
Q

Which antigens are familiar to type A- blood?

A

A

68
Q

Where does the left side of the heart pump blood to?

A

the body tissue

69
Q

The loop of blood vessels that carries blood to and from the body tissue to known as the…?

A

systemic circuit

70
Q

What are the type of blood vessels that carry blood from the lungs back to the heart called?

A

systemic veins

71
Q

The pulmonary veins carry oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?

A

oxygenated blood

72
Q

The right side of the heart carries oxygenated or deoxygenated blood?

A

deoxygenated blood

73
Q

Blood vessels that carries blood from the heart to the lungs?

A

pulmonary arteries

74
Q

Blood vessels that carries deoxygenated blood from the lower body to the right atrium?

A

inferior vena cava

75
Q

Blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium?

A

pulmonary veins

76
Q

Chamber of the heart that pumps oxygenated blood out of the aorta?

A

left ventricle

77
Q

Chamber of the heart that pumps blood to the right ventricle?

A

right atrium

78
Q

Chamber of the heart that receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins?

A

left atrium

79
Q

Chamber of the heart that the SVC and IVC dump into?

A

right atrium

80
Q

Large blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart to the body?

A

aorta

81
Q

Valve that opens to send blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle?

A

bicuspid valve

82
Q

Valve that opens to send blood from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery?

A

pulmonary valve

83
Q

Wall that separates the right and left side of the heart?

A

septum

Anatomy (13 decks)

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